RESEARCH ARTICLE


Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis



Muhammad Naghman Choudhry1, *, Zafar Ahmad2, Rajat Verma2
1 Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, United Kingdom
2 Orthopaedic Research Unit, Addenbrookes Hospital, Box 180 Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom


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Creative Commons License
© Choudhry et al.; Licensee Bentham Open.

open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 International Public License (CC BY-NC 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode), which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, United Kingdom; Tel: 0044 7931146389; Fax: 0044 161 7010636; Email: mchoudhry@doctors.org.uk


Abstract

Background:

Scoliosis refers to deviation of spine greater than 10 degrees in the coronal plane. Idiopathic Scoliosis is the most common spinal deformity that develops in otherwise healthy children. The sub types of scoliosis are based on the age of the child at presentation. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) by definition occurs in children over the age of 10 years until skeletal maturity.

Objective:

The objective of this review is to outline the features of AIS to allow the physician to recognise this condition and commence early treatment, thereby optimizing patient outcome.

Method:

A thorough literature search was performed using available databases, including Pubmed and Embase, to cover important research published covering AIS.

Conclusion:

AIS results in higher incidence of back pain and discontent with body image. Curves greater than 50 degrees in thoracic region and greater than 30 degrees in lumbar region progress at a rate of 0.5 to 1 degree per year into adulthood. Curves greater than 60 degrees can lead to pulmonary functional deficit. Therefore once the disease is recognized, effective treatment should be instituted to address the deformity and prevention of its long-term sequelae.

Keywords: Adolescent, deformity, scoliosis, spine.