RESEARCH ARTICLE


Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Review of the Recent Literature



I Ibrahim*, 1, W.S Khan1, N Goddard2, P Smitham1
1 University College London Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, HA7 4LP, UK
2 Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, UK


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Creative Commons License
© Ibrahim et al.; Licensee Bentham Open.

open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the University College London Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, HA7 4LP, UK; Tel: 02088542300; Fax: 02088542301; E-mail: i.ibrahim@ucl.ac.uk


Abstract

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) remains a puzzling and disabling condition present in 3.8% of the general population. CTS is the most well-known and frequent form of median nerve entrapment, and accounts for 90% of all entrapment neuropathies. This review aims to provide an overview of this common condition, with an emphasis on the pathophysiology involved in CTS. The clinical presentation and risk factors associated with CTS are discussed in this paper. Also, the various methods of diagnosis are explored; including nerve conduction studies, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging.

Keywords: Carpal tunnel syndrome, median nerve, entrapment neuropathy, pathophysiology, diagnosis.