Table 4: Antiviral Activity of Crude Extracts and Fractions of S. chinensis and ACV Against Herpetic Viruses

Material CC50 (µg/ml ) HSV-1 HSV-2 VZV
EC50 (µg/ml) SI EC50 (µg/ml) SI EC50 (µg/ml) SI
S. chinensis, Ethanol Extract
Crude extract 250 50 5 45 5.5 55 4.5
0%-MeOH 500 9.5 52.6 8 62.5 5 100
20%-MeOH 450 8 56.2 7.5 62.3 4 112.5
40%-MeOH 400 5.5 72.72 5 80 4.5 88.9
60%-MeOH >1000 9 >111.1 9 >111.1 4 >250
80%-MeOH 70 4.5 15.6 4 17.5 8.5 8.2
100%-MeOH 60 6 10 5.5 10.9 6.5 9.2
S. chinensis, Aquatic Extract
Crude extract 95 10 9.5 10 9.5 14 6.78
0%-MeOH 50 3 16.7 3.5 14.3 8 6.2
20%-MeOH 400 5.5 72.7 5.5 72.7 9 44.4
40%-MeOH 500 2.5 200 2.5 200 8.5 58.8
60%-MeOH 500 2.2 227.3 2.5 200 3.5 142.9
80%-MeOH >1000 7 >142.8 7.5 >62.3 3 >333.3
100%-MeOH >1000 5 >200 5 >200 2 >200
ACV 70 0.1 700 0.25 280 0.15 466.7

Vero cell monolayers were treated with different doses of the S. chinensis extracts and their purified fractions at the time of infection. The EC50 values of these examined products were determined and the SI values were calculated. Antiviral activity was evaluated by plaque assay.