RESEARCH ARTICLE


Principal Component Analysis of the Well-Being at Work and Respect for Human Rights Questionnaire (WWRRR) in the Mediterranean Region



Mathilde Husky1, Yosra Zgueb2, 3, *, Uta Ouali2, 3, Cesar I. A. Gonzalez4, Martina Piras5, 6, Giorgia Testa5, 6, Alberto Maleci4, Alfredo Mulas6, Alessandro Montisci4, Samih Nujedat4, Goce Kalcev4, Iskren Teodorov5, Antonio Preti4, Matthias Angermeyer7, Mauro Giovanni Carta4
1 Laboratoire de Psychologie, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
2 Department of Psychiatry A, Razi Hospital, La Manouba, Tunisia
3 Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
4 Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari Cagliari, Italy
5 Innovation Sciences and Technologies, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
6 Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
7 Center for Public Mental Health, Gosim Austria


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Creative Commons License
© 2020 Husky et al.

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Psychiatry A, Razi Hospital, La Manouba, Tunisia; Tel: +212678704047; E-mail: zguebyosra@gmail.com


Abstract

Background:

The Well-Being at Work and Respect for human Rights Questionnaire (WWRR) was conceived based on the hypothesis that the perception of respect for users' rights is an essential element of well-being in the workplace in healthcare. The objective of the study is to examine the principal components of the WWRR.

Methods:

A random sample representative of a set of professionals working in three different healthcare networks in Tunisia, North-Macedonia, and Italy was enrolled (n=426). Each professional completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic data and the WWRR. The WWRR consists of six items on beliefs about: satisfaction at work, users’ satisfaction, organization at work, respect of users’ and staff human rights, adequacy of resources. A seventh item assesses the perceived needs of personnel. Correlation between the items was evaluated by analysing the principal components with Varimax rotation and Kaiser normalization (which included all components with an Eigen value> 1).

Results:

A single factor covered over 50% of the variance, all the items of the questionnaire were closely related and compose a single factor. Tunisia presented some differences regarding the item about the human rights of staff.

Conclusion:

Satisfaction with the respect for the rights of users is strongly correlated with the other factors that are part of the concept of the organizational well-being of health care providers. The WWRR provides a means of measuring this important and often neglected dimension.

Keywords: : Questionnaire, Principal component, Human rights, Job satisfaction, Wellbeing, Mental health, Mediterranean area.