RESEARCH ARTICLE


The Mixture of Topical Anesthetic and Chlorhexidine at the Delivery Site in Microbial Reduction Efficiency Alternate Title: The Mixture of Topical Anesthetic



Ratchapin Laovanitch Srisatjaluk1, *, Thanawat Kaewjiaranai1, Natthamet Wongsirichat2, 3, **
1 Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
2 Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Dental Hospital, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
3 Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mahidol University, Faculty of Dentistry, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand


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Creative Commons License
© 2019 Srisatjaluk et al.

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand,
Tel: +66951966454; Email: ratchapin.sri@mahidol.ac.thCorrespondence: *Address correspondence to this author at the Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mahidol University, Faculty of Dentistry, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand; Consultant of Walailuk University International College of Dentistry 979/42-46 Phahonyothin Road 19th floor SM Tower Phaya Thai District Bangkok10400 Thailand;
Tel: +66819095625; Email: natthamet.won@mahidol.ac.th


Abstract

Background:

Antimicrobial properties of some anesthetic agents have been reported which may be useful for infection control. Topical lidociane (10%) showed some extent of antimicrobial activity on oral microflora.

Objective:

This study aimed to determine whether the antimicrobial efficiency of topical lidocaine can be enhanced by adding chlorhexidine.

Methods:

The Lidocaine-Chlorhexidine (LD-CHX) preparation was prepared by mixing 2.0% CHX and 10% LD with various ratios. The anesthetic efficiency was tested on the oral mucosa of 26 volunteers by Pin Prick Test. Pain scores were recorded using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Antimicrobial effects of 10% LD, 0.2% CHX, and LD-CHX preparations were evaluated. In vitro study was conducted against seven standard bacterial strains. For in vivo study, oral biofilms of 26 volunteers were collected by imprint technique using filter papers. Bacterial growth from the samples after applying the test solutions was compared to the control. Antimicrobial efficiency was expressed as microbial reduction scores from 4-0 (highest to lowest).

Results:

The LD-CHX preparations that had comparable anesthetic efficiency to 10% LD were those containing 9% and 8% LD. These LD-CHX preparations showed microbial reduction scores of 3 and 4 on seven bacterial strains and oral biofilms.

Conclusion:

This study showed the antimicrobial and anesthetic effectiveness of new lidocaine-chlorhexidine preparations both in vitro and in vivo. We also confirmed the effectiveness of infection control protocol in oral surgery using CHX mouthwash prior to topical LD.

Keywords : Antimicrobial activity , Chlorhexidine , Lidocaine , Oral biofilms , Topical anesthetics , Mouthwash .