RESEARCH ARTICLE
Improvement of Locally Available Raw Bentonite for Use as Drilling Mud
Kaffayatullah Khan1, *, Shaukat Ali Khan2, Muhammad Umair Saleem1, Muhammad Ashraf3
Article Information
Identifiers and Pagination:
Year: 2017Volume: 11
First Page: 274
Last Page: 284
Publisher ID: TOBCTJ-11-274
DOI: 10.2174/1874836801711010274
Article History:
Received Date: 24/05/2017Revision Received Date: 06/07/2017
Acceptance Date: 24/07/2017
Electronic publication date: 25/08/2017
Collection year: 2017
open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Background:
Bentonite clays are widely used in a drilling operation and play a vital role as a drilling fluid. Bentonite clay mud performs several functions during the drilling operation and facilitates the drilling process.
Objective:
In this study, the locally available raw bentonite clays were investigated to evaluate its potential use as a mud for borehole drilling operation after its improvement with the additives.
Method:
Rheological properties such as plastic viscosity, yield point and gel strength were evaluated by using a viscometer and filtrate loss test was performed by using filter press on both locally available raw bentonite clays and the commercial bentonite named as Mill gel.
Results:
From the test results obtained for the up gradation of clays with the different beneficiating materials, the drastic increase in the plastic viscosity, yield point and gel strength has been observed. It shows that Xanthum gum produced better results for the improvement of rheological properties of such clays. Carboxymethyl cellulose and starch were used as additives and it has been observed that carboxymethyl cellulose has improved both viscosity and filtrate loss control, whereas starch muds have the best filtration control properties.
Conclusion:
Improved bentonite clays have rheological and filtration characteristics that have satisfied American Petroleum Institute specification at optimum conditions of clay. It was concluded that improved clays are the suitable material for the drilling operations and suitable to substitute commercial bentonite.
