REVIEW ARTICLE
Risk Factor Patterns for Premature Versus Late-Onset Coronary Artery Disease in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Negar Morovatdar1, Yones Bondarsahebi2, Nastaran Khorrampazhouh2, Seyyed A. Hozhabrossadati2, Konstantinos Tsarouhas3, Ramin Rezaee1, Reza J. Esfehani4, Hoorak Poorzand5, *, Amirhossein Sahebkar6, 7, 8, *
Article Information
Identifiers and Pagination:
Year: 2019Volume: 13
First Page: 5
Last Page: 12
Publisher ID: TOCMJ-13-5
DOI: 10.2174/1874192401913010005
Article History:
Received Date: 29/11/2018Revision Received Date: 07/01/2019
Acceptance Date: 28/01/2019
Electronic publication date: 26/03/2019
Collection year: 2019
open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Background:
There are few data regarding the risk factors of premature vs late-onset Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). This study systematically reviews these risk factors in Iranian people.
Methods:
Medline, Web of Science, Embase and SID (Scientific Information Database; www.sid.ir) databases were searched for studies comparing CAD risk factors in young and older patients in Iran. Data extracted and pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) for each risk factor were calculated. Publication bias was evaluated by Egger’s test.
Results:
Seven studies (9080 participants) were included in the meta-analysis; analysis was carried out independently for each risk factor. Smoking (Odds Ratio (OR): 2.57, 95% CI: 1.96-3.37; p=<0.001), family history of CAD (OR: 2.45: 95% CI, 1.44-4.15, p<0.001), opium abuse (OR: 2.44: 95% CI, 1.22-4.88; p=0.001) and hyperlipidaemia (OR: 1.4: 95% CI, 1.13-1.73; p=0.001) were more common in premature CAD compared with older CAD patients. In contrast, diabetes mellitus (OR: 0.54: 95% CI, 0.39-0.73; p=0.0001) and hypertension (OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.21-0.59; p<0.001) were less prevalent.
Conclusion:
Risk factors were significantly different between premature and late-onset CAD. Policies regarding smoking and opium cessation and controlling hyperlipidaemia may be useful for the prevention of premature CAD in Iran.
