The paper first applies Newton mechanical and physical knowledge to establish shot throwing process mathematical model, calculates throwing performance is related to α, h, t0 v0 these five factors; the next, it adopts genetic algorithms to solve optimal throwing performance and these five factors best parameters, from which optimal throwing performance is 21.78m; finally it adopts grey relational degree algorithms and analyzes five influence factorsf primary and secondary relation is α, h, v0, t0, F , which provides scientific evidence for making scientific training plans, during training, coaches and athletes should pay attention to foster strengths and circumvent weakness, give their own advantages into full play so that can get more ideal results.