RESEARCH ARTICLE


Microbial Diversity of Acidic Hot Spring (Kawah Hujan B) in Geothermal Field of Kamojang Area, West Java-Indonesia



Pingkan Aditiawati1, Heni Yohandini2, 3, Fida Madayanti2, Akhmaloka2, *
1 School of Life Science and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl Ganesha 10, Bandung, Indonesia
2 Biochemistry Research Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Institut, Teknologi Bandung, Jln Ganesha 10, Bandung, Indonesia
3 Department of Chemistry, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia


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Creative Commons License
© Aditiawati et al.; Licensee Bentham Open.

open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Biochemistry Research Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia; Tel: 62-22-2515032; Fax: 62-22-2502360; E-mail: loka@chem.itb.ac.id


Abstract

Microbial communities in an acidic hot spring, namely Kawah Hujan B, at Kamojang geothermal field, West Java-Indonesia was examined using culture dependent and culture independent strategies. Chemical analysis of the hot spring water showed a characteristic of acidic-sulfate geothermal activity that contained high sulfate concentrations and low pH values (pH 1.8 to 1.9). Microbial community present in the spring was characterized by 16S rRNA gene combined with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis. The majority of the sequences recovered from culture-independent method were closely related to Crenarchaeota and Proteobacteria phyla. However, detail comparison among the member of Crenarchaeota showing some sequences variation compared to that the published data especially on the hypervariable and variable regions. In addition, the sequences did not belong to certain genus. Meanwhile, the 16S Rdna sequences from culture-dependent samples revealed mostly close to Firmicute and gamma Proteobacteria.

Key Words: Kamojang, thermophiles, 16S rRNA, DGGE, microbial diversity.