In recent years, the emerging and advances of non-invasive In Vivo stem cell imaging has significantly contributed to the real-time tracking of transplanted stem cells as well as monitoring their proliferation, migration and persistence in live animals and ultimately possibly in humans. This review summarized the different In Vivo imaging modalities for imaging stem cell, especially for its monitoring viability, death and proliferation; and discussed the strategies of combined multimodality approaches for monitoring of the fate of transplanted stem cell by offering the opportunity to distinguish different biological and biochemical processes.