RESEARCH ARTICLE


Correlation from Undiluted Vitreous Cytokines of Untreated Central Retinal Vein Occlusion with Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography



MJ Koss1, 2, *, M Pfister1, F Rothweiler3, R Rejdak4, 5, R Ribeiro2, J Cinatl2, R Schubert6, T Kohnen1, FH Koch1
1 Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
2 Doheny Eye institute, Los Angeles, USA
3 Department of Virology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
4 Department of General Ophthalmology, Medical University in Lublin, Poland
5 Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
6 Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Cystic Fibrosis, Children's Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany


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Creative Commons License
© Koss et al.; Licensee Bentham Open.

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/), which permits unrestrictive use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Tel: +49 - 69 -6301 5649; Fax: +49 - 69 - 6301 5621; E-mail: michael.koss@me.com


Abstract

Purpose:

To correlate inflammatory and proangiogenic key cytokines from undiluted vitreous of treatment-naïve central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) patients with SD-OCT parameters.

Methods:

Thirty-five patients (age 71.1 years, 24 phakic, 30 nonischemic) underwent intravitreal combination therapy, including a single-site 23-gauge core vitrectomy. Twenty-eight samples from patients with idiopathic, non-uveitis floaterectomy served as controls. Interleukin 6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) levels were correlated with the visual acuity (logMar), category of CRVO (ischemic or nonischemic) and morphologic parameters, such as central macular thickness-CMT, thickness of neurosensory retina-TNeuro, extent of serous retinal detachment-SRT and disintegrity of the IS/OS and others.

Results:

The mean IL-6 was 64.7pg/ml (SD ± 115.8), MCP-1 1015.7 ( ± 970.1), and VEGF-A 278.4 ( ± 512.8), which was significantly higher than the control IL-6 6.2 ± 3.4pg/ml (P=0.06), MCP-1 253.2 ± 73.5 (P<0.0000001) and VEGF-A 7.0 ± 4.9 (P<0.0006). All cytokines correlated highly with one another (correlation coefficient r=0.82 for IL-6 and MCP-1; r=0.68 for Il-6 and VEGF-A; r=0.64 for MCP-1 and VEGF-A). IL-6 correlated significantly with CMT, TRT, SRT, dIS/OS, and dELM. MCP-1 correlated significantly with SRT, dIS/OS, and dELM. VEGF-A correlated not with changes in SD-OCT, while it had a trend to be higher in the ischemic versus the nonischemic CRVO group (P=0.09).

Conclusions:

The inflammatory cytokines were more often correlated with morphologic changes assessed by SD-OCT, whereas VEGF-A did not correlate with CRVO-associated changes in SD-OCT. VEGF inhibition alone may not be sufficient in decreasing the inflammatory response in CRVO therapy.

Keywords: Vitreous samples, CRVO, VEGF, MCP-1, IL-6, CBA, SD-OCT.