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Oxytetracycline-Protein Complex: The Dark Side of Pet Food



Alessandro Di Cerbo1, 2, *, Antonio Scarano2, Federica Pezzuto3, Gianandrea Guidetti4, Sergio Canello5, Diego Pinetti6, Filippo Genovese6, Lorenzo Corsi1
1 Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
2 Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Dental School, University G. d`Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
3Department of Clinical Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
4 SANYpet S.p.a., Research and Development Department, Bagnoli di Sopra (Padua), Italy
5 Forza10 USA Corp., Research and Development Department, Orlando (FL), USA
6 CIGS, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy


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Creative Commons License
© 2018 Di Cerbo et al.

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

* Address correspondence this author at the Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Alessandro Di Cerbo, Modena, Italy; Tel: 00390592055367; E-mail: Alessandro811@hotmail.it


Abstract

Background:

Worldwide antibiotic abuse represents a huge burden, which can have a deep impact on pet and human health through nutrition and medicalization representing another way of antibiotic resistance transmission.

Objective:

We aimed our research to determine a possible complex formation between biological bone substrates, such as proteins, and Oxytetracycline (OTC), an approved antibiotic for use in zootechny, which might determine a toxic effect on K562 cells.

Method:

Cell viability and HPLC-ESI/QqToF assays were used to assess potential toxicity of bone extract derived from OTC-treated chickens according to standard withdrawal times and from untreated chickens at 24, 48 and 72h of incubation.

Results:

Cell culture medium with ground bone from chickens reared in the presence of OTC (OTC-CCM) resulted significantly cytotoxic at every incubation time regardless of the bone concentration while cell culture medium with ground bone from chickens reared without OTC (BIO-CCM) resulted significantly cytotoxic only after 72h of incubation. HPLC-ESI/QqToF assay ruled out the possible presence of OTC main derivatives possibly released by bone within culture medium until 1 μg/mL.

Conclusion:

The presence of a protein complex with OTC is able to exert a cytotoxic effect once released in the medium after 24-48h of incubation.

Keywords: Antibiotic abuse, Oxytetracycline, Protein complex, Cytotoxic effect, Pro-inflammatory effect, K562 cells.