RESEARCH ARTICLE


Prevalence and Determinants of Dyslipidemia: Data from a Saudi University Clinic



Yasser Taher Al-Hassan, Eduardo L. Fabella*, Edric Estrella, Mohammad Aatif
Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia


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Creative Commons License
© 2018 Al-Hassan et al.

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Faculty member and Head of Quality Assurance Unit, Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia, Tel: +966534918736, E-mail: efabella@kfu.edu.sa


Abstract

Background:

Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The relationship between demographic factors and dyslipidemia in Saudi Arabia is not completely explored.

Objectives:

This analytic cross-sectional study was conducted to describe the lipid profile, determine the proportion and identify significant demographic determinants of dyslipidemia among patients who have undergone lipid profile analysis in a university multispecialty clinic.

Methods:

The results of lipid profile examination of 1,541 King Faisal University clinic patients from 1 April, 2014 to 7 March, 2016 were compiled and subjected to descriptive and analytical statistics using STATA MP version 14. Multivariable logistic regression model using Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was fitted to analyze the independent predictors of dyslipidemia.

Results:

The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia, and hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia were 13.8%, 17.0%, 40.0% 12.85%, respectively. Logistic regression revealed that in comparison with those who were 20 years old and below, those who were between the age of 40-49 years were 4.5 times more likely to have hypercholesterolemia and 3.5 times more likely to have hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia. Similarly, those who were 30-39 years old were 4.3 times and 3 times more likely to have hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia, respectively. The same stage group was 3 times more likely to develop hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia. Females were 1.4 times more like to have hypercholesterolemia; non-Saudis were nearly twice as likely to develop hypertriglyceridemia than Saudis.

Conclusion:

Hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia was the most prevalent form of dyslipidemia. Age, gender and nationality were significant determinants of specific types of dyslipidemia.

Keywords: Dyslipidemia, Hypercholesterolemia, Hypertriglyceridemia, Hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia, Hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia, Cardiovascular disease.