RESEARCH ARTICLE
Pathophysiological Approaches of Acute Respiratory Distress syndrome: Novel Bases for Study of Lung Injury
R.L Castillo*, 1, R Carrasco Loza 2, C Romero-Dapueto 3
Article Information
Identifiers and Pagination:
Year: 2015Volume: 9
Issue: Suppl 2: M2
First Page: 83
Last Page: 91
Publisher ID: TORMJ-9-83
DOI: 10.2174/1874306401509010083
Article History:
Received Date: 14/3/2015Revision Received Date: 16/4/2015
Acceptance Date: 16/4/2015
Electronic publication date: 26/6/2015
Collection year: 2015
open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
Abstract
Experimental approaches have been implemented to research the lung damage related-mechanism. These models show in animals pathophysiological events for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), such as neutrophil activation, reactive oxygen species burst, pulmonary vascular hypertension, exudative edema, and other events associated with organ dysfunction. Moreover, these approaches have not reproduced the clinical features of lung damage. Lung inflammation is a relevant event in the develop of ARDS as component of the host immune response to various stimuli, such as cytokines, antigens and endotoxins. In patients surviving at the local inflammatory states, transition from injury to resolution is an active mechanism regulated by the immuno-inflammatory signaling pathways. Indeed, inflammatory process is regulated by the dynamics of cell populations that migrate to the lung, such as neutrophils and on the other hand, the role of the modulation of transcription factors and reactive oxygen species (ROS) sources, such as nuclear factor kappaB and NADPH oxidase. These experimental animal models reproduce key components of the injury and resolution phases of human ALI/ARDS and provide a methodology to explore mechanisms and potential new therapies.
