The Open Microbiology Journal


ISSN: 1874-2858 ― Volume 13, 2019

Control of Early Blight of Tomato Caused by Alternaria Solani and Screening of Tomato Varieties Against The Pathogen

Chapol Kumar Roy1, Nafiza Akter2, Mohammad Khairul Islam Sarkar*, 3, Md. Moyen Uddin Pk4, Mst. Nadira Begum1, Mst. Elina Akther Zenat1, Miskat Ara Akhter Jahan1
1 Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Bangladesh
2 Jagnnath University, Bangladesh
3 Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB)
4 Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Abstract

Introduction:

Early blight is a common disease of tomato, which is caused by Alternaria solani.

Objectives:

This work was accompanied to find an alternative to chemical fungicides and to screen tomato varieties against Alternaria solani.

Methods:

The infected leaves were collected from five fields of tomato field of Shere-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka and were cultured for the identification of the infectious fungus and phytobiocidal role of six plants against Alternaria solani was evaluated in vitro model.

Results & Discussion:

Alternaria solani was identified as the infectious fungus. The optimum PH for the growth of test fungi at the Trichoderma spp. viz., Trichoderma viride T. harzianum collected form NAMDEC and Trichoderma sp was collected from agricultural field of BCSIR. All the selected Trichoderma spp. antagonistic to A. solani. Antagonistic capacity of the Trichoderma spp. was tested by dual culture, volatile as well as non-volatile method. T. viride was the maximum effective one to reducing progress of A. solani followed by T. harzianum. T. viride also showed highest inhibition in volatile and non-volatile trials. Six plant extracts viz., Adhatoda vasica (Nees), Adadirachta indica (A Juss). Ocimujm sanctum (L), Allium sativum (L), Datura metal (Linn) and Zingiber officinale (Rose) were selected to evaluate their in vitro efficacy of 5%, 10% and 20% concentration against the A. solani. Allium sativum was the most effective one against A. solani, followed by Azadirachta indica. The efficacy of five fungicides viz., Bavistin 50WP, Mancozeb 80WP, Indofil M-45, Sulcox 50WP and Tall 25EC were evaluated for their fungitoxicity against the A. solani at 100, 200,100, 600 and 800 ppm. Tall 25EC was the most effective fungicide against Alternaria solani followed by Mancozeb 80WP. Screening of five tomato varieties against A. solani revealed that highest Percentage of Disease Index (PDI) was recorded in BARI Tomarto-9 followed by the lowest PDI of leaf which was recorded in BARI Tomato-7.

Conclusion:

The extract of Allium sativum was effective to control Alternaria solani at prescribed concentration. The highest PDI was found in BARI tomato-9 against Alternaria solani.

Keywords: Early blight, tomato leaves, PDA, fungus, foliar disease, Alternaria solani, Trichoderma spp.

Article Information


Identifiers and Pagination:

Year: 2019
Volume: 13
Publisher Item Identifier (PII): BMS-TOMICROJ-2018-50

Article History:

Received Date: 15/12/2018
Revision Received Date: 16/12/2018
Acceptance Date: 19/12/2018
Electronic publication date: 11/02/2019
Collection year: 2019

© 2019 Roy et al.

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.


Correspondence: Address correspondence to this author at the Department Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB); Tel: +8801711230892; E-mail: kisarkar1981@gmail.com or khairul@iub.edu.bd

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