Table 2: Ethogram of observed behavioural parameters and position in the light-phase.

Behaviour Recording unit Description
Arousal indicative behaviour
Head banging frequency Vigorous vertical head movement
Head shaking frequency Rapid torsional neck movement, 1 - 10 direction changes, maximum interruption of 2 s between bouts
Pawing frequency Raising a front leg and scraping it backwards over the floor, 1 - 10 leg movements, switching legs possible, maximum interruption of 2 s between bouts
Snorting frequency Strong exhaling through the nostrils with audible sound
Tail swishing frequency Strong movement of the tail root, 1 - 5 changes of direction, maximum interruption of 2 s between bouts
Comfort behaviour
Body shaking frequency Horizontal movement of the body, 1 - 10 changes of direction, maximum interruption of 2 s between bouts
Rolling frequency Lying down, rubbing the body with wavy or rolling movement on the ground and getting up
Scratching frequency Scratch itself with mouth, head, leg or to an object, 1 - 10 changes of direction of single movement, maximum interruption of 2 s between bouts
     
Elimination
Defecating frequency Defecation
Urinating frequency Urination
Exploration
Exploration
of litter
frequency,
duration (s)
Mouth max. 1/2 head length above ground
Locomotion    
Change of sector frequency Horse changes between the two sectors of light-box (half of the box near or away from illuminated rear wall), horse is located in the sector in which more than half of its body stands
Turning in circles  frequency Turning around its body axis to minimum 180 and maximum 360 degrees
Oral activities (non-stereotypic)
Chewing frequency,
duration (s)
Masticatory movement with an empty mouth, maximum interruption of 2 s between bouts
Drinking frequency Mouth in drinker and swallowing movements, maximum interruption of 2 s between bouts
Licking salt lick frequency Licking the salt lick, maximum interruption of 2 s between bouts
Tongue activity frequency Licking of an object (other than salt lick) or the area around the mouth, maximum 2 s interruption
Yawning frequency Opening of the mouth by straight or lateral movement of the mandible
Resting behaviour
Hind leg resting duration (s) One hind leg strained, the other bent, switching legs possible, maximum interruption of 2 s between bouts
Lying frequency Lying in a ventral or lateral position
Vocalisation
Whinnying frequency Species-typical vocalisation
Position
Distance to light duration (s) Horse in the half of the box near illuminated rear wall
Orientation
to light
duration (s) Body axis towards or parallel to illuminated rear wall