Table 3: Isolation of terephthalates from natural sources (organisms).

Terephthalate Organism Source Description of Organism Extracted Part of the Organism Identification Method of the Terephthalate Region/Location Reference
Bis-​(2-​ethylhexyl)​-​terephthalate (10) Melodinus fusiformis Plant (Apocynaceae) leaf, twig GC/MS China D. Wang et al, 2012 [198]
Bis-​(2-​ethylhexyl)​-​terephthalate (10) Grewia lasiocarpa E. Mey. ex
Harv.
Evergreen shrub GC/MS Umdoni Trust Park, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. N. Akwu et al., 2019 [277]
Bis-​(2-​ethylhexyl)​-​terephthalate (10) Uncaria rhynchophylla Plant (Cat’s claw herb) NMR, MS China (market purchased material) Y.-L. Wang et al., 2018 [231]
Bis-​(2-​ethylhexyl)​-​terephthalate (10) Penicillium griseofulvum Marine fungus China Y. Xu et al., 2015 [278]
Bis-​(2-​ethylhexyl)​-​terephthalate (10) Alnus nitida West Himalayan alder stem bark GC/MS Swat, Pakistan M. Sajid et al., 2017 [201]
Di-n-butyl terephthalate (4) Codonopsis thalictrifolia wall. var. mollis Soft bonnet bellflower MS China J. Jing et al., 2013 [279]
Di-n-butyl terephthalate (4) Semiaquilegia adoxoides Flowering plant (Ranunculaceae) roots NMR China N. Feng et al., 2006 [280]
Di-n-butyl terephthalate (4) Leucas zeylanica Ceylon slitwort
(Lamiaceae)
NMR, incl. 2D-NMR, MS Haikou, China N. Nidhal et al., 2020 [232]
Di-n-butyl terephthalate (4) Dalbergia cochinchinensis Thailand rosewood (Fabaceae) 1H NMR, 13C NMR Fangchenggang, Guangxi, China R. Liu et al., 2015
[199]
Di-n-butyl terephthalate (4) Melodinus hemsleyanus Plant (Apocynaceae) leaf, twig MS China J. Zhang et al., 2013 [281]
Di-n-butyl terephthalate (4) Incarvillea younghusbandii sprague Bignoniaceae China L. Shen et al., 2012 [282]
Di-n-butyl terephthalate (4) Dolomiaea souliei Flowering plant (Asteraceae) China H. Wei et al., 2012 [233]
Di-n-butyl terephthalate (4) Typhonium giganteum Engl. Chinese aroid essential oil China G. Peng, et al., 2010 [283]
Di-n-butyl terephthalate (4) Gynura divaricata Flowering medicinal plant (Asteraceae) aerial parts China L. Chen et al., 2010 [284]
Di-n-butyl terephthalate (4) Mosla chinensis Plant (Lamiaceae) China H. Liu et al., 2010 [285]
Diethyl terephthalate (8) Indigofera bungeana Plant ( Leguminosae) GC/MS China W. Tian et al., 2006 [286]
Diethyl terephthalate (8) Mangifera indica Plant (Anacardiaceae) NMR, MS Yunnan, China H. Jiang et al., 2019 [287]
Diisobutyl terephthalate (29) Radix paeoniae rubra
(Paeonia lactiflora Pallas and Paeonia veitchii Lynch)
Medicinal herb from perennial flowers (Paeoniacea) GC/MS China X. Feng et al., 2014 [288]
Diisobutyl terephthalate (29) Durian fruit (peel) tree volatile constituents of fruit peel GC/MS China B. Zhang et al., 2012 [192]
Di-n-octyl terephthalate (30) Elsholtzia communis Lamiaceae essential oil GC/MS China Y.L Lu et al., 2013 [289]
Dimethyl terephthalate* (18) Uncaria gambir (Roxb.) Flowering plant (Rubiaceae) leaf GC/MS West Sumatra, Indonesia D. Nandika et al., 2019 [290]
Dimethyl terephthalate* (18) Myristica argentea Papua nutmeg
(Myristicaceae)
NMR China J. Shi et al., 2010 [291]
Dimethyl terephthalate* (18) Elsholtzia communis Lamiaceae essential oil GC/MS China Y.L Lu et al., 2013 [289]
Dimethyl terephthalate* (18) Syzygium cumini Malabar plum (Myrtaceae) bark GC/MS Madhya Pradesh, India Mehta, B.K. et al., 2012 [211]
Dimethyl terephthalate* (18) Goniothalamus tapis Miq (Annonaceae) bark Malaysia B. Moharam et al., 2012 [292]
Dimethyl terephthalate* (18) Goniothalamus uvaroides King (Annonaceae) bark Malaysia B. Moharam et al., 2012 [292]
Dimethyl terephthalate* (18) Phoma
betae
Phoma
betae
Phoma
betae
Phoma betae (Pleospora betae)
Endophytic fungus plant pathogen fermentation extract State of São Paulo, Brazil M.B.C. Gallo et al., 2009 [293]
[4-(Methoxycarbonyl)-phenyl]methyl methyl terephthalate (31) Alnus nitida West Himalayan alder stem bark GC/MS Swat, Pakistan M. Sajid et al., 2017 [201]

* as residual starting material used in the polymer preparation