Table 5: The variables statistically significantly related to hospitalizations with mechanical restraints (multivariate logistic regres-sion).

Variables Odds Ratio Standard Error Probability Confidence Interval (95%)
Gender: Female 0.71 0.07 p<.001 0.580-0.870
Nazionality: Extra-European 1.75 0.25 p<.001 1.323-2.307
    I Psychiatric Diagnosis (ICD-9-CM)
Schizophrenia and other psychoses 0.26 0.12 p<.005 0.100-0.652
Bipolar disorders 0.34 0.16 p<.05 0.133-0.870
Neurotic disorders 0.28 0.14 p<.01 0.107-0.728
Personality disorders 0.36 0.18 p<.05 0.137-0.940
II Psychiatric Diagnosis (ICD-9-CM): Organic psychoses 2.57 0.94 p<.01 1.252-5.272
III Psychiatric Diagnosis (ICD-9-CM): Organic psychoses 5.15 2.06 p<.001 2.354-11.281
Organic Comorbidity: Present 1.47 0.17 p<,001 1.171-1.852
State of Admission: TSO 2.92 0.31 p<.001 2.368-3.610
Length of Hospitalization (days) 1.03 0 p<.001 1.025-1.038
                 Institutional Changes
Medical staff replacement (2008) 0.45 0.054 p<.001 0.3526872-0.5662116
More restricted guidelines for restraint application (2011) 0.22 0.050 p<.001 0.1369291-0.341403