Variables |
Odds Ratio |
Standard Error |
Probability |
Confidence Interval
(95%) |
Gender: Female |
0.71 |
0.07 |
p<.001 |
0.580-0.870 |
Nazionality: Extra-European |
1.75 |
0.25 |
p<.001 |
1.323-2.307 |
I Psychiatric Diagnosis (ICD-9-CM) |
Schizophrenia and other psychoses |
0.26 |
0.12 |
p<.005 |
0.100-0.652 |
Bipolar disorders |
0.34 |
0.16 |
p<.05 |
0.133-0.870 |
Neurotic disorders |
0.28 |
0.14 |
p<.01 |
0.107-0.728 |
Personality disorders |
0.36 |
0.18 |
p<.05 |
0.137-0.940 |
II Psychiatric Diagnosis
(ICD-9-CM): Organic psychoses |
2.57 |
0.94 |
p<.01 |
1.252-5.272 |
III Psychiatric Diagnosis
(ICD-9-CM): Organic psychoses |
5.15 |
2.06 |
p<.001 |
2.354-11.281 |
Organic Comorbidity: Present |
1.47 |
0.17 |
p<,001 |
1.171-1.852 |
State of Admission: TSO |
2.92 |
0.31 |
p<.001 |
2.368-3.610 |
Length of Hospitalization (days) |
1.03 |
0 |
p<.001 |
1.025-1.038 |
Institutional Changes |
Medical staff replacement (2008) |
0.45 |
0.054 |
p<.001 |
0.3526872-0.5662116 |
More restricted guidelines for restraint application (2011) |
0.22 |
0.050 |
p<.001 |
0.1369291-0.341403 |