Table 4: Two-group comparison to analyze the risk factors of low bone mineral density based on the lumbar spines.

Normal BMD (n=15) Low BMD (n=16) P (Univariate) P (Multivariate)
Age (years) 33.0 [27.3-37.0] 48.0 [35.0-61.5] 0.0036 0.0180
BMI 22.4 [19.4-23.2] 22.4 [20.3-24.3] 0.7478
CD4 (/μL) 198 [81-338] 287 [243-407] 0.1490
HIV RNA copies (×103) 69.0 [11.8-258] 37.5 [28.0-55.0] 0.4525
AST (IU/L) 20.5 [18.5-23.5] 28.0 [24.3-37.5] 0.0075 0.2658
ALT (IU/L) 20.0 [15.0-25.5] 23.0 [15.0-47.3] 0.4051
ALP (IU/L) 212 [174-277] 271 [254-297] 0.0214 0.2717
Cre (mg/dL) 0.800 [0.725-0.890] 0.810 [0.690-0.880] 0.4721
Ca (mg/dL) 8.70 [8.60-8.98] 9.00 [8.70-9.35] 0.1175
P (mg/dL) 3.80 [3.50-4.00] 3.35 [3.15-3.60] 0.0717
1.25VitD (pg/ml) 38.3 [33.1-57.9] 55.0 [43.3-68.7] 0.1018
25OHVitD (pg/ml) 18.0 [13.3-26.3] 19.0 [14.5-25.3] 0.8457
FGF23(pg/ml) 46.0 [39.0-51.0] 41.0 [35.0-59.0] 0.9226
PTHin(pg/ml) 34.0 [23.8-44.0] 42.0 [31.3-49.8] 0.2457
BAP (μg/L) 11.4 [9.7-13.5] 12.1 [8.8-15.5] 0.7890
NTx/Cr (nmolBCE/mmolCr) 30.0 [14.1-42.1] 34.9 [31.5-46.6] 0.1988
Smoking (cases) 5 (33.3%) 8 (50.0%) 0.3473

BMI: Body mass index, AST: Aspartate transaminase, ALT: Alanine aminotransferase, Ca: Serum calcium, P: Serum phosphorus, 1.25VitD: Serum 1.25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, 25OHvitD: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, FGF23: Serum fibroblast growth factor 23, PTHin: Serum intact parathyroid hormone, BAP: serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, NTx/Cr: urinary N- terminal telopeptide/creatinine.