Table 1: Socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics of study participants.
| Variables |
Case [n (%)] |
Control [n (%)] |
Total [n (%)] |
P-Value |
| Gender |
Male |
52 (43.33) |
47 (39.17) |
99 (41.25) |
0.256 |
| Female |
68 (56.67) |
73 (60.83) |
141 (58.75) |
| Age |
Mean ±SD |
42.32±10.69 |
38.41±8.23 |
|
0.154 |
| 18 – 35 |
39 (32.50) |
43(35.83) |
82(34.17) |
| 35- 50 |
50(41.67) |
57 (47.50) |
107(44.58) |
| ≥ 50 |
31(25.83) |
20 (16.67) |
51 (21.25) |
| Baseline weight (Kg) (Mean ±SD) |
56.36±10.94 |
53.42 ±7.87 |
|
0.053 |
| Current weight (Kg) (Mean ±SD) |
58.92±11.69 |
55.62±8.34 |
|
0.042 |
| BMI (kg/m2) |
Mean ±SD |
22.29±4.04 |
21.03 ±3.04 |
|
0.028 |
| <18 |
22 (18.33) |
20 (16.67) |
42 (17.50) |
| 18 -24.9 |
62(51.67) |
83 (69.17) |
145 (60.42) |
| 25-29.9 |
22(18.33) |
17 (14.16) |
39(16.25) |
| ≥30 |
14(11.67) |
- |
14(5.83) |
| Marital status |
Single |
20(16.67) |
16 (13.33) |
36 (30) |
0.323 |
| Married |
50(41.67) |
58 (48.34) |
108 (45) |
| Divorced |
26 (21.66) |
28 (23.33) |
54 (22.50) |
| Widowed |
24(20) |
18 (15) |
42 (17.50) |
| Educational status |
Had no formal education |
21(17.5) |
17 (14.17) |
38 (15.83) |
0.054 |
| Primary |
48(40) |
64 (53.33) |
112(46.67) |
| Secondary |
31(25.83) |
20 (16.67) |
51(21.25) |
| College and above |
20 (16.67) |
19 (15.83) |
39 (16.25) |
| Residence |
Rural |
35 (29.17) |
36 (30) |
71 (29.58) |
0.500 |
| Urban |
85 (70.83) |
84 (70) |
169(70.42) |
| Monthly income(ETB) |
No regular income |
49(40.83) |
45 (37.50) |
94 (39.17) |
0.181 |
| <1000 |
12(10) |
21 (17.5) |
33(13.75) |
| 1000- 2000 |
26 (21.67) |
21 (17.5) |
47 (19.58) |
| 2000-3000 |
15 (12.50) |
17 (14.17) |
32(13.33) |
| ≥3000 |
18 (15) |
16 (13.33) |
34 (14.17) |
| Living status |
Living with immediate family |
74 (75) |
75 (77.5) |
149 (62.08) |
0.732 |
| Living with extended family |
28(18.8) |
26 (16.2) |
54 (22.50) |
| Living alone |
18 (6.2) |
17 (5) |
35(14.58) |
| Other* |
- |
2 (1.2) |
2 (0.84) |
| Occupation |
Govt employee |
30 (25) |
28 (23.33) |
58(24.17) |
0.528 |
| Non-govt employee |
18(15) |
16 (13.33) |
34 (14.17) |
| Self-employed |
31 (25.83) |
40 (33.34) |
71(29.58) |
| Unemployed |
41(34.17) |
36 (30) |
77 (32.08) |
| Behavioral Measure |
Smoker |
35(29.17) |
31(25.83) |
66 (27.5) |
0.260 |
| Alcoholic |
58 (48.33) |
66 (55) |
124(51.67) |
0.134 |
| Chat Chewer |
34 (28.33) |
35 (29.17) |
69 (28.75) |
0.500 |
| Herbal/traditional medicine user |
25 (20.83) |
25 (20.83) |
50 (20.83) |
0.627 |
*Live in prison, ETB-Ethiopian Birr, SD-Standard Deviation, and BMI- Body Mass Index