Table 2: Models Showing Crude and Adjusted Association between Individual and Geographic Characteristics, and Outcome (HIV Testing) in 5034 Individuals from the National Population Health Survey, Canada

Characteristics Model I:
Crude Association for Individual and Geographic Characteristics
Model II:
Adjusted Association for Individual Characteristics
Model III: Adjusted Association for Individual and Geographic Characteristics
Material Deprivation Social Deprivation
Individual level Variables
Gender
Male 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
Females 1.42 (1.18 - 1.71) 1.33 (1.10 - 1.61) 1.32 (1.09 - 1.61) 1.32 (1.08 - 1.60)
Age groups (years)
18-24 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
25-34 1.36 (1.01 – 1.85) 1.49 (1.10 - 2.03) 1.49 (1.10 - 2.02) 1.47 (1.08 - 2.00)
35-44 0.86 (0.61 – 1.21) 0.97 (0.69 - 1.36) 0.96 (0.68 - 1.34) 0.98 (0.70 - 1.38)
45-54 0.47 (0.33 – 0.67) 0.53 (0.37 - 0.77) 0.52 (0.36 - 0.75) 0.54 (0.37 - 0.77)
Living with partner/children 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
Single parent with dependent children 1.69 (1.31 – 2.18) 1.57 (1.19 - 2.07) 1.56 (1.18 - 2.05) 1.42 (1.06 - 1.90)
Living alone/unattached 2.01 (1.44 – 2.81) 1.71 (1.21 - 2.42) 1.73 (1.22 - 2.43) 1.62 (1.15 - 2.30)
Education      
Less than secondary 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
Secondary education 1.00 (0.64 - 1.56) 0.91 (0.57 - 1.43) 0.87 (0.55 - 1.39) 0.91 (0.57 - 1.44)
Some post-secondary 1.96 (1.35 - 2.84) 1.73 (1.17 - 2.56) 1.64 (1.11 - 2.44) 1.71 (1.15 - 2.53)
College/University 1.58 (1.09 - 2.30) 1.38 (0.93 - 2.06) 1.29 (0.86 - 1.92) 1.38 (0.92 - 2.05)
Income group
Lowest 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
Low-Mid 0.65 (0.47 - 0.92) 0.70 (0.50 - 0.99) 0.69 (0.49 - 0.97) 0.71 (0.50 - 0.99)
Upper-Mid 0.71 (0.52 - 0.95) 0.79 (0.58 - 1.07) 0.75 (0.54 - 1.03) 0.81 (0.59 - 1.09)
Upper 0.60 (0.41 - 0.87) 0.68 (0.46 - 1.02) 0.62 (0.41 - 0.95) 0.72 (0.48 - 1.07)
Province
Others 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
Ontario 1.74 (1.38 - 2.19) 1.81 (1.42 - 2.32) 1.75 (1.36 - 2.25) 1.81 (1.41 - 2.31)
Quebec 1.27 (0.99 - 1.64) 1.38 (1.05 - 1.80) 1.36 (1.04 - 1.79) 1.31 (0.99 - 1.73)
British Columbia 1.40 (1.04 - 1.89) 1.41 (1.04 - 1.93) 1.39 (1.02 - 1.89) 1.38 (1.00 - 1.89)
Ethnicity
White 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
Ethnic minorities 0.76 (0.49 - 1.18) 0.65 (0.41 - 0.1.01) 0.66 (0.42 - 1.03) 0.65 (0.41 - 1.02)
Has a regular doctor
Yes 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
No 0.80 (0.59 - 1.08) 0.81 (0.58 - 1.12) 0.79 (0.57 - 1.09) 0.78 (0.56 - 1.09)
Had an STI in the past
No 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
Yes 3.38 (2.12 - 5.37) 2.73 (1.71 - 4.36) 2.73 (1.69 - 4.40) 2.65 (1.67 - 4.22)
Geographic Variables
Material deprivation quintile
st (least deprived) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
2nd 0.91 (0.66 - 1.25) 0.91 (0.65 - 1.28)
3rd 0.78 (0.58 - 1.06) 0.73 (0.52 - 1.01)
4th 0.89 (0.65 - 1.22) 0.85 (0.61 - 1.19)
5th (most deprived) 0.61 (0.45 - 0.83) 0.61 (0.43 - 0.88)*
Social deprivation quintile
1st (least deprived) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
2nd 1.26 (0.92 - 1.72) 1.17 (0.85 - 1.62)
3rd 1.34 (0.94 - 1.91) 1.31 (0.91 - 1.88)
4th 1.54 (1.10 - 2.14) 1.42 (1.01 - 2.01)
5th (most deprived) 2.09 (1.51 - 2.89) 1.66 (1.17 - 2.34)**

* Test for trend p=0.01
** Test for trend p=0.004.