Table 3: Comparison of Demographic and Risk Characteristics of HIV Seroconverters (N=19) and HIV-Negative Participants (N=378), Prospective Cohort, Kigali, Rwanda

Seroconverters
(N=19)
N (%)
HIV-Negative
Cohort Participants
(N=378)
N (%)

Median age (IQR) 25.0 (22-31) 24.0 (22-28)
Age group, years:
 18-24 8 (42) 191 (51)
 25-29 5 (26) 111 (30)
 ≥30 6 (32) 74 (20)

Education level:
 No school 4 (21) 83 (22)
 Primary (some/completed) 11 (58) 258 (68)
 Some secondary 4 (21) 37 (10)

Currently breastfeeding 12 (63) 207 (55)

Lifetime no. pregnancies:
 None or 1 2 (11) 145 (38)
 2 11 (58) 102 (27)
 3 5 (26) 72 (19)
 ≥4 1 (5) 59 (16)

Male condom use at last sex 16 (84) 280 (74)

Current hormonal contraception use 5 (26) 67 (18)

≥1 Genital symptom in past month+ 6 (32) 72 (19)

No. vaginal sex acts in past month:
 <20 6 (32) 67 (18)
 20-39 4 (21) 116 (31)
 40-59 1 (5) 80 (21)
 60-89 5 (26) 73 (19)
 ≥90 3 (16) 42 (11)

No. sex partners in last 3 months:
 3-30 4 (21) 37 (10)
 31-75 6 (32) 121 (32)
 ≥76 9 (47) 218 (58)

No. clients per week in past month:
 <5 6 (32) 81 (21)
 5-9 4 (21) 100 (27)
 10-15 2 (11) 108 (29)
 ≥16 7 (36) 89 (23)

No. years working as sex worker¥:
 ≤1 6 (35) 61 (17)
 2-3 3 (18) 160 (45)
 ≥4 8 (47) 137 (38)

No. lifetime HIV tests:
 Never tested 1 (5) 118 (31)
 Once 5 (26) 132 (35)
 ≥Twice 13 (69) 127 (34)

HIV tested in prior 6 months 6 (32) 51 (14)

HSV-2 seropositive at baseline 12 (67) 202 (56)

Median days from enrollment to seroconversion (range) 269 (86-768) NA

Abbreviations: IQR = Inter-quartile range; HIV = Human Immunodeficiency Virus; NA = Not applicable.
+ Includes: genital itching, burning, rash, pain; abnormal vaginal discharge, odor, or bleeding (non-menstrual); pain or difficulty urinating; genital ulcers, sores or blisters; pain during sex; acute lower abdominal pain; other genital symptoms.
¥ 2 participants missing response, N=17.