| Reference | Aim/Purpose | Design | Population | Methods: Anthropometry |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Progressive Resistance Training (PRT) Intervention Studies (n = 4) | ||||
| Spence et al. (1990) | To determine if PRT would improve muscle function in AIDS patients. | RCT PRT intervention only. |
HIV-infected men (23-46 y). 24 started; 24 completed. Dropout=0 (0%). 2 groups: PRT (n=12/12) and control (n=12/12). Texas, USA |
Measures taken at baseline and 6 weeks. Instruments: Scale, anthropometric tape and skinfold calliper. Outcome measures: BM, arm and thigh girths, and 3SFs (chest, abdomen, thigh). |
| Sattler et al. (1999) | To determine whether anabolic steroids with and without PRT increases in lean tissue, muscle size and strength in HIV-infected, immune deficient men. | RCT PRT with nandrolone decanoate injections 600 mg/week. |
HIV-seropositive men (≥18 y). 33 started; 30 completed. Dropout=3 (9.1%). 2 groups: nandrolone only (n=17/15; d/o=11.8%) and nandrolone plus PRT (n=16/15; d/o=6.3%). Los Angeles, USA |
Measures taken at baseline and 12 weeks. Instruments: DEXA, MRI and BIA Outcome Measures: BM, LBM, FM, body cell mass, arm and thigh MCSA. |
| Bhasin et al. (2000) | To determine testosterone replacement with and without PRT improves muscle strength and body composition in HIV-infected hypogonadal men with weight loss. | RCT PRT with and without testosterone enanthate injections 100 mg/week. |
HIV-infected men (18-50 y). 61 started; 49 completed. Dropout=12 (19.7%). 4 groups: placebo with no exercise (n=14/12; d/o=14.3%); testosterone with no exercise (n=17/15; d/o=11.8%); placebo with exercise (n=15/11; d/o=26.7%); and testosterone with exercise (n=15/11; d/o=26.7%). California, USA |
Measures taken at baseline and 16 weeks. Instruments: DEXA, DDM and MRI. Outcome measures: BM, thigh muscle volume, LBM, FM, FFM and total body water. |
| Shevitz et al. (2005) | To determine the effect of nutrition with strength training on AIDS wasting. | RCT PRT with nutrition intervention. | Men and women (≥18 y) with AIDS wasting syndrome. 50 started; 47 completed. Dropout=3 (6.0%). 3 groups: Nutrition only (n=18/16; d/0=11.1%); nutrition plus oxandrolone (n=16/16; d/o=0%); and nutrition plus PRT (n=16/15; d/o=6.3%). Boston, Massachusetts. |
Measures taken at baseline and 12 weeks. Instruments: Digital scale, DEXA and CT scanner. Outcome Measures: Stature, BM, BMI, thigh MCSA, FM, and FFM. |
| Aerobic Training (AT) Intervention Studies (n = 3) | ||||
| Smith et al. (2001) | To determine the effect of AT on physiological fatigue, dyspnea, FEV1, weight and body composition of HIV-1 infected adults. | RCT AT intervention only. |
HIV-infected men and women (≥18 y). 60 started; 49 completed. Dropout=11 (18.3%). 2 groups: AT (n=30/19; d/o=36.7%) and control (n=30/30; d/o=0%). Alabama, USA |
Measures taken at baseline and 12 weeks. Instruments: Anthropometric tape and skinfold calliper. Outcome Measures: Stature, BM, BMI, waist and hip circumferences, WHR, 3SF central (subscapular, suprailiac, vertical abdomen) and 4SF peripheral (triceps, biceps, thigh and medial calf). |
| Terry et al. (2006) | To determine the effect of AT and a low-lipid diet on dyslipidaemia and lipodystrophy in HIV-1-infected adults. | RCT AT with diet. |
HIV-1-infected men and women (≥18 y). 42 started; 30 completed. Dropout=12 (28.6%). 2 groups: Diet and AT (n=22/15; d/o=31.9%) and diet only (n=20/15; d/o=25.0%). Porto Alegre, Brazil. |
Measures taken at baseline and 12 weeks. Instruments: Anthropometric tape and skinfold calliper. Outcome Measures: Stature, BM, BMI, waist and hip circumference, WHR, FM, and 4SF (triceps, biceps, subscapular, suprailiac). |
| Mutimura et al. (2008) | To determine the effect of AT on central obesity and metabolic indices in HAART-treated HIV-positive adults. | RCT AT intervention only. |
HIV-positive men and women (21-50 y) on HAART for >6 months. 100 started; 97 completed. Dropout=3 (3.0%). 2 groups: ET (n=50/48; d/o=4.0%)) and control (n=50/49; d/o=2.0%). Kigali, Rwanda |
Measures taken at baseline and 24 weeks. Instruments: Cloth tape measure and skinfold calliper. Outcome Measures: Stature, BM, FM, LBM, waist and hip circumference, WHR, 4SF (triceps, biceps, suprailiac, subscapular). |
| Yoga Intervention Study (n = 1) | ||||
| Cade et al. (2010) | To determine the effect of yoga on CVD risk factors, body composition, immune and virological status and health-related QOL in HIV-infected adults. | RCT Yoga with nutrition counselling |
HIV-infected men and women (18-70 y). 60 started; 50 completed. Dropout=10 (16.7%). 2 groups: Yoga (n=34/29; d/o=14.7%) and control (n=26/21; d/o=19.2%). Missouri, USA |
Measures taken at baseline and 20 weeks. Instruments: Anthropometric tape and DEXA. Outcome Measures: BM, waist circumference, FM, limb fat, trunk fat, LBM, and limb lean mass. |