En Bloc Removal of the Mandible, the Masticatory Muscles and the Mandibular Nerve in the Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes, Blumenbach 1799), with a Review and Critique of the Methods Used to Expose the Trigeminal Musculature in Derived Primates

Fig. (6) Pan troglodytes(specimen HUC102), detached mandible. A, Medial aspect, left side (1, trigeminal nerve-main stump; 2, trigeminal ganglion; 3, ophthalmic nerve; 4, maxillary nerve; 5, mandibular nerve; 6, buccal nerve; 7, superior head of lateral pterygoid; 8, inferior head of lateral pterygoid; 9, tensor veli palatini; 10, medial pterygoid; 11, nerve to medial pterygoid; 12, nerve to tensor veli palatini; 13, auriculo-temporal nerve; 14, maxillary artery; 15, external carotid artery; 16, superficial temporal artery; 17, parotid gland (medial aspect); 18, temporalis 19, head of condyle). B, Medial aspect, left side, showing major branches of V3 (1, mylohyoid nerve; 2, inferior alveolar nerve; 3, lingual nerve; 4, chorda tympani nerve; 5, mandibular nerveposterior division; 6, mandibular nerve-main stump; 7, buccal nerve; 8, mandibular foramen; 9, medial pterygoid [lifted up]). C, Superior aspect showing the branches of the anterior division of V₃ (1, TMJ disk over the condyle; 2, nerve to masseter; 3, deep temporal nerve; 4, deep temporal nerve; 5, mandibular nerveanterior division; 6, buccal nerve; 7, nerve to superior lateral pterygoid; 8, superior lateral pterygoid; 9, temporalis).