| Number and status of subjects | Control | Design | Jadad score | Duration | Material | Endpoint | P value | Effect | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23 Healthy | Placebo | Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled | 3 | 2 hours | Cocoa: 5, 13, 26 grams | Endothelial function | < 0.05 | Dose dependent increase of brachial artery flow-mediated dilation: maximum Δ2.5 ± 0.4% | Monahan, Feehan, Kunselman et al. 2011 |
| 32 prehypertensive | 25 grams/day of white chocolate | Parallel randomised clinical trial | 2 | 15 days | 30 grams/day of 70% cocoa chocolate | Systolic and diastolic BP; NO serum levels | NO serum levels:=0.001 SBP: =0.001 DBP: =0.308 |
Increase of NO serum levels Reduction in SBP and DBP significantly strong negative correlation between NO and SBP; significantly moderate negative correlation between NO and DBP |
Sudarma, Sukmaniah, Siregar 2011 |
| 22 stage 1 hypertensive | N | Pre-post intervention clinical trial | 1 | 6 weeks (2 run-in, 4 treatment) | 50 grams/day of chocolate (70% cocoa). | Endothelial function | =0.01 | Increase of reactive hyperemia index: 1.94 ± 0.18 to 2.22 ± 0.08 | Nogueira Lde, Knibel, Torres et al. 2012 |