Table 1: Summary of the numerical approaches.

Researches Masonry Unit & Retrofitting Material Interface Between Old and New Surface
Wang et al. Bricks are modeled as elastic material Mortar joint and collar joint are modeled as cohesive interface element by implementing micro-scale model
Mobarake et al. Macro-element is applied to model solid bricks A rigid-interface macro-element is used to model nodal regions
Kalliontzis and Schultz Masonry are modeled with eight-node linear element, the post-tension bars are modeled with two-node linear truss element. The post-tension bars are unbonded, therefore, there is no interface effect between bars and surrounding masonry.
Soltanzadeh et al. concrete and brick were modeled with smeared isotropic damage-plasticity law. The post-tensioning bars are modeled with truss element. The mortar is modeled with a damage-based cohesive element with a finite sliding formulation.
Maruccio
el al.
Brick and mortar are modeled with eight-node quadrilateral iso-parametric plane stress. The FRP is simulated by a curved beam element. The interface is modeled with six-node curved zero-thickness elements and the constitutive law is represented with incremental plasticity theory.
Malena
et al.
Interface element is modeled with fracture Mode-II cohesive material law.
Gattulli
et al.
FRP is modeled as truss element, and carry only tensile forces. Total strain rotating crack model to simulate masonry panel. The interface elements are not used in this model.
Gattesco and Boem Masonry is modeled with homogeneous material represented by smeared crack model. GFRP wires are modeled with truss element. The interface between the GFRP coating and the masonry was assumed to be perfectly attached.