Table 3: Summary of some in vitro hemodynamic studies using 3D printed biomodels.

Geometry RP1 system RP material Cast material Blood analogue Measurement
method
Ref
Real porcine coronary arteries Multijet and Inkjet FullCure®720 and 3Z model PDMS2 W3 - [76]
Idealized Injection molding Aluminum Silicone (T-2 silastic) W- G4 (40, 60%) PIV [93]
Idealized and Patient-specific SLA5 Epoxy resin PDMS DMSO6-W (52, 48%) μPIV [75]
Patient-specific SLA PIC100 resin PDMS Whole blood Fluorescence microscopy [77]
Patient-specific SLA VeroWhitePlus RGD835 and TangoPlus FLX930 Silicone DiW7- G- corn starch
(70, 30, 0.1%)
Doppler [94]
Patient-specific SLA; Multijet and FDM Flexible resin, Tango Grey, TangoBlack and TPU8 filament - - CT [95]
Patient-specific Inkjet Low melting
point alloy
Silicone G- SNDS 9-D10- O11 -Antifungal agent- DM 12(15, 1, 3, 2, 79%) Doppler Ultrasound [96]
Idealized SLA Epoxy resin PDMS W-G (39, 61%) μPIV [83]
Idealized FDM ABS13 filaments PDMS DiW-G-NaI14 (47.38, 36.94, 15.68%) PIV [15]
Idealized SLA Clear resin PDMS D Inverted confocal microscope [97]
Patient-specific Inkjet Water-soluble plaster Silicone W-G (45, 55%) PIV [17]
Patient-specific SLA Stereocol Acrylate RTV15 Silicone IA16-G (70, 30%) PIV [18]
Idealized SLA - - DMSO-W (52, 48%) PTV [63]

1RP – Rapid Prototyping, 2Polydimethylsiloxane, 3W-water, 4G-Glycerol, 5SLA – Stereolithography, 6DMSO- Dimethyl sulfoxide, 7DiW- Distilled water, 8TPU-Thermoplastic polyurethane, 9SND- Synperonic N detergent surfactant, 10D-Dextran, 11O-Orgasol particles, 12DM- Demi water, 13Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, 14NaI-Sodium iodide, 15RTV-Room-Temperature-Vulcanizing, 16IA-Isopropyl alcohol