Fig. (1) (top) A schematic view of the simulation system consisting of a two nucleotide chain (NC), gold nanoparticles (NPs) and a carbon nanotube (CNT). (bottom) A two nucleotides chain, consisting of one pyrimidine (C, cytosine) and one purine (G, guanine) as in the primary structure of DNA is shown. A primary DNA or RNA structure consists of a linear sequence of nucleotides that are linked together by phosphodiester bonds. Nucleotides consist of 3 components: (1)Nitrogenous base - A (Adenine), G (Guanine), C(Cytosine), T (Thymine, present in DNA only) and U (Uracil, present in RNA only); (2) 5-carbon sugar which is called deoxyribose (found in DNA) and ribose (found in RNA); (3) One or more phosphate groups.