Table 5: Comparison of median levels of inflammatory markers by ART duration.

ART duration 0 years <1years 1-5years 6-9years 10+years **P-value
Cytokines (N=152) Median
(IR)
n=27		 Median
(IR)
n=29		 Median
(IR)
n=58		 Median
(IR)
n=33		 Median
(IR)
n=5		 -
TNF-α (pg/ml) 158.5
(149.1-175.1)		 113.3
(107.1-167.4)		 119.3
(97.3-160)		 112.4
(101.8-152.3)		 97.54
(95.4-105.6)		 <0.0001
IL-10
(pg/ml)		 34.94
(31.3-39.5)		 37.6
(29.4-46.1)		 37.6
(31.8-46.2)		 43.2
(33.9-58.3)		 35.54
(33.9-75.5)		 0.143
TNF-α/
IL-10 ratio		 4.52
(3.74-4.81)		 3.36
(2.67- 3.99)		 3.67
(1.58-4.20)		 3.02
(1.67-3.49)		 2.95
(1.29-2.97)		 <0.0001
Inflammatory Marker (N*=65) n=8 n=12 n=31 n=12 n=2 -
hs CRP (mg/L) 2.0
(1- 3.95)		 2.9
(2.2-3.75)		 3.8
(1.1- 7.7)		 9.9
(4.1- 17.7)		 5.1
(3.4-9.8)		 0.106
Sex (N=124)
n(%)		 Males
30 (24)		 Females
94 (76)

N, total number of study participants; N*, fewer participants; n, number of participants per sub-group; IR, interquartile range; IL-10, interleukin 10; TNF-α. tumour necrosis factor-alpha; hsCRP, highly sensitive C reactive protein, **Significant Bonferroni post-hoc P =0.01, calculated for five comparative ART groups, where β= 0.2 and α=0.05 at 95% CI