|
Reported Change |
Summary of Findings |
Reference |
NOS activity/ NOS expression/ nitrite+nitrate production /cGMP |
Increased |
↑ plasma nitrate levels |
Chowdhary, et al. 2002 |
Increased |
↑ vasoconstrictor effect of L-NMMA |
Dover et al. 2006 |
Decreased |
L-arginine administration ↓ vascular resistance associated with ↑ nitrate/nitrite production |
Katz et al. 1999 |
Increased |
↑ NO plasma concentration |
Kaye et al. 1998 |
Increased |
↑ iNOS expression in skeletal muscle |
Stein et al. 1998 |
Increased |
↑ iNOS expression and iNOS protein content in skeletal muscle inversely correlated with changes in COX-activity and the exercise |
Gielen et al. 2005 |
Increased |
↑ endomyocardial eNOS or iNOS gene expression augments LV stroke volume and LV stroke work |
Heymes et al. 1999 |
Decreased |
↓ activity of the L-arginine-NO metabolic pathway |
Katz et al. 1999 |
Increased |
iNOS, but not eNOS expression in ventricular myocardium |
Drexler et al. 1999 |
Increased |
↑ plasma nitrite level |
Yu et al. 2001 |
Increased |
↑ iNOS expression in the myocardium and ↑ serum concentration of nitrate/nitrite |
Orús et al. 2000 |
Increased
|
↑ NO plasmatic concentation which showed positive correlation with TNF-α plasmatic levels |
Elahi et al. 2007 |
Increased/decreased |
↑ iNOS activity and expression, but ↓ eNOS activity and expression in failing hearts |
Ferreiro et al. 2004 |
Unaltered |
There was no difference in exhaled NO between controls and heart failure patients, nor after exercise |
Seshadri et al. 2003 |
Endothelial function |
Decreased |
responses vasodilatador endothelium-dependent induce by acetylcholine in braquial artery |
Morgan et al. 2004 |
Decreased |
↓ forearm blood flow |
Ishibashi et al. 2000 |
Decreased |
↓ vasodilatation endothelium-dependent in forearm |
Heitzer et al. 2005 |
Increased |
Vitamin C improves endothelium-dependent forearm vasodilatation |
Hirooka et al. 2003 |
Decreased |
↓ endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in response to aceylcholine in internal radial artery was improved by oral L-arginine supplementation and exercise training. |
Hambrecht et al. 2000 |
Decreased |
↓ forearm blood flow |
Bank et al. 2000 |
Decreased |
↓ forearm blood flow in response to acetylcholine. |
Sugamori et al. 2002 |
L-arginine transport |
Increased |
↑ L-arginine transport via system y+ in erythrocytes from heart failure patients associated with ↓ plasmatic levels of L-arginine and ↑ plasmatic levels of L-NMMA |
Hanssen et al. 1998 |
L-NMMA, NG-monomethyl L-arginine; NO, nitric oxide; NOS, nitric oxide synthase; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase; PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells; COX, cytochrome e oxidase.