Fig. (1) Overview on the generic processes that characterize the differences “omics” technologies. On the left, schematic representation of the Biological information flow from the genome to cellular phenotypes. From top to bottom, the information of DNA (genome) is first transcribed to mRNA (transcriptome), which is afterwards translated into proteins (proteome). A subset of proteins, the enzymes catalyse reactions that both consume and produce the different metabolites (metabolome). The main table summarizes different characteristics of each omic technique.