Table 4:
Functional groups chosen to represent the chemical structure of the solutes, caffeine and ferulic acid, and the solvents, ethyl lactate and water.
Caffeine
Ferulic acid
Ethyl lactate
Water
Group
Number of groups
Group
Number of groups
Group
Number of groups
Group
Number of groups
c-C=C
1
CH=CH
1
CH
3
2
H
2
O
1
c-CON-CH
3
2
ACH
3
CH
2
1
CH
3
N
1
AC
2
CH
1
ACNH
1
ACOH
1
OH (s)
1
COOH
1
COO
1
CH
3
O
1