Table 1: Summary of correlations for friction factor considered for single phase and two-phase flow.

Authors Correlation Conditions
Correlations for Friction factor coiled pipes considering single-phase flow
White [11] fc=0.08∙Re-0.25+0.012∙(d/D)0.5 Smooth pipes, empirical, turbulent flow
15000<Re<100000
Ito [9] fc=0.076∙Re-0.25+0.00725∙(d/D)0.5 Theoretical ,turbulent flow
0.034<Re(d/D)2<300
Mishra and Gupta [12] fc=0.079∙Re-0.25+0.0075∙(d/D)0.5 Empirical, turbulent
4500<Re<105
Correlations for Friction factor considering two-phase flow
Lockhart-Martinelli [13]

Gas-liquid
Awwad et al. [14]
Air-water
12.7<d<38.1 mm
330<D<670 mm
0.008<UL<2.2 m s-1
0.2<UG<50 m -1
Xin et al. [15]

Air-water
12.7<d<38.1 mm
305<D<609 mm
0.008<UL<2.2 m-1
0.2<UG<50 m-1