Fvm,i	Virtual mass force on phase i	N/m3
g	Gravity vector	m/s2
k	Turbulent kinetic energy	m2/s2
Kij	Interphase exchange momentum coefficient between i and j phases	Pa s/m2
	Mass transfer between i and j phases	kg/s/m3
p	Pressure	Pa
t	Time	s
Vi	Volume of phase i	m3
vi	Velocity vector of phase i	m/s
x	Distance	m
a, C, G, Y, R	Parameters in turbulence equation
αi	Volume fraction of phase i
ε	Dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy	m2/s3
ρ	Density of mixture	kg/m3
ρi	Density of phase i	kg/m3
	Stress Tensor	Pa