Table 1: Pre-operative and intra-operative characteristics of the study patients (n=621).

Variables
Age (years); mean ± SD (range) 67 ±12 (22 - 91)
Females, n (%) 126 (25%)
Body Mass Index (kg/m2); mean ± SD (range) 27.8 ± 4.3 (16.6 ‒ 44.1)
Smoking (Ex-smoker or current smoking); n (%) 275 (59%)
Extra cardiac arteriopathy; n (%) 40 (12.12%)
Poor mobility; n (%) 4 (0.81%)
Diabetes mellitus (insulin-dependent); n (%) 145 (30.14%)
Hypertension; n (%) 352 (73.18%)
Dyslipidemia; n (%) 305 (64.34%)
Family CHD; n (%) 182 (40.44%)
Prior cardiac surgery; n (%) 21 (4.26%)
Chronic Lung Disease; n (%) 41 (8.31%)
Active endocarditis; n (%) 0 (0%)
Critical preoperative condition; n (%) 8 (1.62%)
Angina CCS4, n (%) 3 (2.16%)
Recent myocardial infarction; n (%) 29 (5.9%)
Functional class
NYHA I; n (%)
 NYHA II; n (%)
 NYHA III; n (%)
 NYHA IV; n (%)
96 (70.59%)
20 (14.7%)
19 (13.97%)
1 (0.73%)
Left ventricular dysfunction; n (%)
 EF >50%; n (%)
 EF 31%–50%; n (%)
 EF 21%–30%; n (%)
 EF <21%; n (%)
226 (67.46%)
97 (28.95%)
9 (2.68%)
3 (0.89%)
Pulmonary hypertension; n (%) 1 (0.2%)
Priority of surgery
 Elective; n (%)
 Urgent; n (%)
 Emergency; n (%)
 Salvage; n (%)
479 (97.75%)
10 (2%)
1 (0.2%)
0 (0%)
Complexity
 Isolated CABG; n (%)
 Non CABG; n (%)
 2 procedures; n (%)
 3 procedures; n (%)
179 (36.75%)
180 (36.96%)
100 (20.53%)
28 (5.75%)
Surgery on the thoracic aorta; n (%) 58 (11.76%)
Type of surgery
 Isolated CABG; n (%)
 AVR; n (%)
 AAA; n (%)
 Combined; n (%)
158 (36.32%)
125 (28.73%)
34 (7.82%)
118 (27.13%)
EuroSCORE II; median (range) 1.3 (0.5 – 95)

SD: Standard deviation; n: Number of patients; EuroSCORE: European system for cardiac operative risk evaluation; CCS: Canadian Cardiovascular Society; NYHA: New York Heart Association; EF: Ejection fraction; CHD: Coronary Heart Disease; CABG: Coronary artery bypass grafting; AVR: Aortic valve replacement AAA: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm