Table 1: SARS-CoV proteins in manipulating host inflammatory apoptosis.

SARS-CoV Protein	Function	References
AP3a	Induce NF-κB pathway activation	[27]
	Upregulation of IL-1β and other pro-inflammatory cytokines	[14, 44]
	Role in the cytokine storm	[47]
	Forms membrane ion channels	[29, 45]
AP3b	Blocks host cell cycle at the G0/G1	[48, 50]
	Possibly induce necrosis	[49]
AP6	Interferon antagonist	[8, 60]
	Induces apoptosis via a caspase 3 dependent mechanism	[52-55]
AP7a	Blocks host cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase	[56]
	Triggers apoptosis via interactions with the pro-apoptotic Bcl-XL	[17, 43]
	Activates the transcription factor NF-κB	[57]
AP8	Induction of apoptosis via caspase 3	[58]
AP9	Transport in and out of the nucleus may upregulate apoptosis	[41, 59, 61-63]