Table 1: Comparison of males and females (a) between 18 and 24 years, (b) between 25 and 45 years and (c) over 46 years (all the measurements in
millimeter).
| Landmarks |
Male |
Female |
P Value |
| (A) |
Mean |
S.D. |
Min |
Max |
Rang |
Mean |
S.D. |
Min |
Max |
Rang |
|
| Supraglabella |
5.07 |
1.13 |
3 |
8 |
5 |
4.73 |
1.14 |
2 |
9 |
7 |
0.23 |
| Glabella |
6.66 |
1.34 |
4 |
10 |
6 |
6.86 |
1.31 |
4 |
10 |
6 |
0.41 |
| Nasion |
8.41 |
1.8 |
5 |
11 |
6 |
7.38 |
1.78 |
3 |
13 |
10 |
0.009 |
| End of nasal |
3.28 |
2.28 |
2 |
13 |
11 |
2.48 |
0.69 |
1 |
4 |
3 |
0.04 |
| Mid-philtrum |
16.41 |
3.19 |
11 |
23 |
12 |
13.95 |
2.55 |
6 |
22 |
16 |
0.001 |
| Upper lipmargin |
13.86 |
2.13 |
10 |
17 |
7 |
11.86 |
1.93 |
8 |
17 |
9 |
0.0001 |
| Lower lip margin |
14.62 |
1.93 |
10 |
18 |
8 |
13.17 |
2.03 |
6 |
17 |
11 |
0.002 |
| Chin lip fold |
12.24 |
1.64 |
9 |
16 |
7 |
11.41 |
1.92 |
6 |
16 |
10 |
0.05 |
| Mental eminence |
15.38 |
3.89 |
10 |
28 |
18 |
12.75 |
2.21 |
9 |
17 |
8 |
0.001 |
| Beneath chin |
8.64 |
1.99 |
5 |
12 |
7 |
7.24 |
1.62 |
5 |
12 |
7 |
0.003 |
| Vertex |
7.14 |
1.43 |
5 |
10 |
5 |
7.31 |
1.72 |
2 |
11 |
9 |
0.58 |
| Opisthocranion |
6.18 |
1.25 |
4 |
8 |
4 |
5.97 |
1.57 |
3 |
12 |
9 |
0.43 |
| (B) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Supraglabella |
5.2 |
1.62 |
3 |
9 |
6 |
4.25 |
1.29 |
2 |
7 |
5 |
0.13 |
| Glabella |
7.8 |
1.75 |
5 |
11 |
6 |
7.35 |
1.39 |
5 |
11 |
6 |
0.59 |
| Nasion |
9 |
1.05 |
7 |
10 |
3 |
7.6 |
1.73 |
5 |
12 |
7 |
0.02 |
| End of nasal |
3 |
0.82 |
2 |
5 |
|
2.6 |
0.59 |
1 |
3 |
2 |
0.33 |
| Mid-philtrum |
12.7 |
4.29 |
2 |
17 |
15 |
13.4 |
1.27 |
11 |
16 |
5 |
0.98 |
| Upper lipmargin |
12.2 |
1.93 |
9 |
16 |
7 |
10.6 |
1.39 |
9 |
14 |
5 |
0.02 |
| Lower lip margin |
14.3 |
2 |
11 |
17 |
6 |
13.1 |
2.07 |
9 |
17 |
8 |
0.18 |
| Chin lip fold |
12.2 |
1.48 |
10 |
15 |
5 |
11.7 |
1.92 |
9 |
16 |
7 |
0.5 |
| Mental eminence |
15.2 |
3.68 |
11 |
22 |
11 |
12.6 |
2.3 |
7 |
17 |
10 |
0.07 |
| Beneath chin |
9 |
2.55 |
5 |
14 |
9 |
7.47 |
1.74 |
5 |
11 |
6 |
0.09 |
| Vertex |
7.78 |
1.86 |
6 |
12 |
6 |
6.85 |
2.03 |
3 |
12 |
9 |
0.22 |
| Opisthocranion |
6.11 |
1.17 |
4 |
8 |
4 |
6.15 |
1.35 |
4 |
9 |
5 |
0.95 |
| (C) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Supraglabella |
5 |
0.77 |
4 |
6 |
2 |
4.96 |
1.07 |
3 |
7 |
4 |
0.97 |
| Glabella |
6.78 |
1.35 |
4 |
10 |
6 |
7.11 |
1.26 |
4 |
9 |
5 |
0.29 |
| Nasion |
8.89 |
1.84 |
6 |
13 |
7 |
8.29 |
1.8 |
5 |
13 |
8 |
0.37 |
| End of nasal |
2.89 |
0.58 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
2.71 |
0.53 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
0.32 |
| Mid-philtrum |
14.11 |
3.66 |
2 |
19 |
17 |
13.14 |
4.79 |
7 |
33 |
26 |
0.04 |
| Upper lipmargin |
12.67 |
2.63 |
7 |
18 |
11 |
10.67 |
1.92 |
7 |
14 |
7 |
0.007 |
| Lower lip margin |
14.28 |
2.14 |
11 |
18 |
7 |
12.54 |
2.08 |
8 |
16 |
8 |
0.02 |
| Chin lip fold |
12.61 |
1.54 |
9 |
15 |
6 |
11.25 |
1.43 |
7 |
15 |
8 |
0.004 |
| Mental eminence |
14.39 |
2.19 |
11 |
19 |
8 |
13.68 |
2.07 |
10 |
18 |
8 |
0.34 |
| Beneath chin |
8.5 |
2.47 |
5 |
13 |
8 |
7.86 |
1.82 |
4 |
12 |
8 |
0.44 |
| Vertex |
6.35 |
1.37 |
3 |
8 |
5 |
6.68 |
1.52 |
3 |
10 |
7 |
0.49 |
| Opisthocranion |
6.67 |
1.75 |
2 |
9 |
7 |
5.85 |
1.18 |
4 |
8 |
4 |
0.04 |
R, Right; L, left.
p < 0.05.