Fig. (3) MSE suppressed IL-6 (a) and IL-8 (b) secretion in hPDL fibroblasts. Cells were incubated with 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 µg/ml MSE or 0.05% DMSO for 1 h, followed by 10 μg/ml P. gingivalis LPS stimulation. The culture supernatants were collected 24 h later. The amount of IL-6 and IL-8 protein expression were measured by ELISA. The values (mean ± SD) are the average of three independent experiments performed in triplicate; * indicate significant difference from P. gingivalis LPS treatment only (p < 0.05).