Variation in the Dispersions of Powder Liquid Ratios in Hand-Mix Glass Ionomers

Table 3: Powder liquid combinations from observations.

Material	“Extreme” Observations
Material	Mean P or Mean L	Highest P or Highest L	Lowest P or Lowest L	Highest P or Lowest L	Lowest P or Highest L
KUH Powder	0.2119⁺	0.275⁺	0.1938⁺	0.275⁺	0.1938⁺
KUH Liquid	0.0623⁺	0.0655⁺	0.0575⁺	0.0575⁺	0.0655⁺
KUH PLR	3.3987:1⁺	4.1984:1⁺	3.3704:1⁺	4.7826:1⁺	2.9587:1
KUH PLR % different to manufacturer’s recommendation	+13.29%	+39.94%	+12.34%	+40.71%	-1.37%
RSCH Powder	0.15384	0.1684	0.1335^-	0.1684	0.1335^-
RSCL Liquid	0.05446⁺	0.058⁺	0.0504⁺	0.0504⁺	0.058⁺
RSC PLR	2.8249:1^-	2.9034:1^-	2.6488:1^-	3.3412:1^-	2.3017:1^-
RSCH PLR % different to manufacturer’s recommendation	-39.89%	-38.22%	-43.64%	-28.91%	-51.02%
FIXH Powder	0.223165⁺	0.2147⁺	0.2089⁺	0.2147⁺	0.2089⁺
FIXH Liquid	0.05958⁺	0.0686⁺	0.0503⁺	0.0503⁺	0.0686⁺
FIXH PLR	3.7456:1	3.1297:1^-	4.153:1⁺	4.2683:1⁺	3.0451:1^-
FIXH PLR % different to manufacturer’s recommendation	+1.04%	-13.06%	+15.36%	+18.56%	-15.41%
The “+” indicate a value above +10% and “-“ below -10%, of the manufacturer powder weight per scoop or liquid weight per drop recommendation in Table 1.