Nutrition and meal intake | Meals regularly taken three times a day and finished before getting full |
Types of carbohydrates and blood glucose level monitored | |
Staple foods replaced with low GI carbohydrates(like whole grain bread or millet) | |
Types and intake frequency of lipids monitored | |
Difference between saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids discussed | |
Trans-fatty acids avoided | |
Recommendations given for intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids | |
Intake of meat, fish, and vegetables increased after recovery of masticatory function | |
Vegetables discussed as a source of vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber | |
Discussion regarding failure of calorie restriction diets without considering nutrition | |
Target basal metabolic rate calculated from thebasal metabolism standard value for each age and sex | |
Understanding of basal metabolism and exercise guidance | Target amount of exercise suitable for the subjects set basedon the criterion of physical activity for those over 65 years of age(10 METs*-hours/week, regardless of exercise intensity) [23] |
Physical activities planned according to each subject’s lifestyle (combiningaerobic exercise and anoxic exercise, sports, and daily activities) | |
Influence on the body of lack of physical activities discussed | |
Relationship between muscle mass, basal metabolism, and anti-aging effects discussed | |
Diet therapy of charting daily weight ** [24] | 1) Body weight measured twice, in the morning and at night |
2) Subject filled in measured weight on a 100 g scale chart and drew a line graph | |
3) When the graph increased or decreased, they wrote the reason in the comment field | |
4) The target weight change was 50 to 100 g per day | |
Understanding on sleep | Sleep and stress control, circadian rhythm, etc. discussed |
Smoking and drinking | None of the subjects smoked Low-carb alcoholic beverages were recommended |