Table 2: Results of multilevel adjusted mixed effect model with repeated measures for the changes of ICDAS score (Model 1).

Coefficient 95%CI P-value
Intercept -0.268 (-0.309 - -0.227) <0.001
Gender Male Reference
Female -0.091 (-0.104 - -0.079) <0.001
Age by month 0.001 (0.001 - 0.001) <0.001
Stimulated saliva volume -0.007 (-0.009- -0.005) <0.001
Cariogenic Bacteria S. mutans - Reference
+ 0.148 (0.128 - 0.168) <0.001
LB - Reference
+ 0.060 (0.050 - 0.070) <0.001
df 0.009 (0.007 - 0.012) <0.001
Maxilla Mandibular Mandibular Reference
Maxilla 0.058 (0.048- 0.068) <0.001
Tooth type Anterior Reference
Premolar -0.028 (-0.040- -0.015) <0.001
Molar 0.064 (0.052 - 0.076) <0.001
Tooth surface Lingual or Palatal Reference
Buccal 0.177 (0.156 -0.198) <0.001
Approximal 0.004 (-0.006 - 0.014) 0.397
Occlusal 0.254 (0.222 - 0.285) <0.001

The model is specified in S1 File. All the factors investigated in this study showed statistically significant correlations for the ICDAS score, with only one exception.
The approximal surface had not statistically significant risk when compared with the lingual or palatal surface.