Table 3: 1/2h-ahead prediction comparison among the Elman, ELM, and GA-ELM models.

Prediction method MAPE RMSE MAXERROR
Elman 9.1176 1.4901 9.802
ELM 14.9209 3.0004 17.4408
GA-ELM 6.2001 1.3808 11.9234