Table 3: Phenolic compounds concentration in the hibiscus calyces extracts prepared following the fractional factorial experimental design showed in (Table 1).

Phenolic Compounds Concentration (μg/g extract on dry basis) 1
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8
3-caffeoylquinic acid1 2088.86 2560.28 2979.78 3211.35 2632.31 2775.98 3486.63 3568.43
Delphinidin 3-sambubioside2 4035.49 5304.83 5945.75 6602.71 5129.33 5409.26 6937.87 7515.74
3-p-Coumaroylquinic acid1 162.90 202.45 233.85 271.31 201.02 212.47 295.41 310.36
Cyanidin 3-sambubioside2 1420.70 1786.52 2012.17 2185.27 1745.77 1950.48 2457.71 2568.34
5-caffeoylquinic acid1 1726.27 2047.86 2537.48 2609.59 2096.17 2203.34 2678.89 2750.79
4-caffeoylquinic acid1 63.21 74.14 84.47 95.92 80.31 80.83 96.96 107.08
Ferulic acid derived3 12.28 19.62 25.06 21.52 10.08 11.69 21.06 17.78
Myricetin 3-sambubioside 4 51.39 63.73 82.83 72.34. 50.68 59.92 65.93 87.12
5-p-Coumaroylquinic acid1 72.31 88.70 100.97 107.09 83.75 93.49 126.55 126.88
5-O-Caffeoylshikimic acid3 39.70 40.82 58.95 46.67 43.05 42.17 46.36 47.96
Quercetin 3-sambubioside4 152.61 179.82 219.04 230.75 184.14 205.37 235.55 262.83
Quercetin 3-rutinoside4 110.23 125.71 151.83 160.42 123.88 129.34 164.11 183.36
Quercetin 3-glucoside4 13.06 13.63 16.58 14.34 14.42 13.64 14.03 17.83
Kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside4 21.94 25.44 27.51 27.55 24.51 24.77 29.32 30.33
Total phenolic acids5 4165±89g 5033±69f 6020±36d 6363±134c 5146±33f 5419±5e 6751±13b 6929±114a
Total anthocyanins6 5456±65h 7091±86f 7957±110 d 8787±101c 6875±63g 7359±141e 9395±48b 10084±93a
Total flavonoids7 349±5d 408±27c 518±13b 505±26b 397±11c 433±7c 509±19b 581±23a
Total phenolic compounds8 9970±160g 12533±183f 14476±159d 15657±262c 12419±108f 13213±143e 16656±81b 17595±231a
Yield of anthocyanins 28.36 36.86 41.36 45.68 35.74 38.25 48.84 52.42
Yield of total phenolic content 29.38 36.93 42.66 46.13 36.59 38.93 49.08 51.84

Different letters in the same line indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). The peaks were quantified as equivalent of 5-caffeoylquinic acid1, cyanidin2, ferulic acid3 and quercetin4. 5Total phenolic acids include 3-caffeoylquinic acid, 3-p-Coumaroylquinic acid, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-caffeoylquinic acid, Ferulic acid derived, 5-p-Coumaroylquinic acid and 5-O-Caffeoylshikimic acid. 6Total anthocyanins include Delphinidin 3-sambubioside and Cyanidin 3-sambubioside. 7Total flavonoids include Myricetin 3-sambubioside, Quercetin 3-sambubioside, Quercetin 3-rutinoside, Quercetin 3-glucoside and Kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside. 8Total phenolic compounds include all compounds.