Phenolic Compounds |
Concentration (μg/g extract on dry basis) 1
|
T1 |
T2 |
T3 |
T4 |
T5 |
T6 |
T7 |
T8 |
3-caffeoylquinic acid1
|
2088.86 |
2560.28 |
2979.78 |
3211.35 |
2632.31 |
2775.98 |
3486.63 |
3568.43 |
Delphinidin 3-sambubioside2
|
4035.49 |
5304.83 |
5945.75 |
6602.71 |
5129.33 |
5409.26 |
6937.87 |
7515.74 |
3-p-Coumaroylquinic acid1
|
162.90 |
202.45 |
233.85 |
271.31 |
201.02 |
212.47 |
295.41 |
310.36 |
Cyanidin 3-sambubioside2
|
1420.70 |
1786.52 |
2012.17 |
2185.27 |
1745.77 |
1950.48 |
2457.71 |
2568.34 |
5-caffeoylquinic acid1
|
1726.27 |
2047.86 |
2537.48 |
2609.59 |
2096.17 |
2203.34 |
2678.89 |
2750.79 |
4-caffeoylquinic acid1
|
63.21 |
74.14 |
84.47 |
95.92 |
80.31 |
80.83 |
96.96 |
107.08 |
Ferulic acid derived3
|
12.28 |
19.62 |
25.06 |
21.52 |
10.08 |
11.69 |
21.06 |
17.78 |
Myricetin 3-sambubioside 4
|
51.39 |
63.73 |
82.83 |
72.34. |
50.68 |
59.92 |
65.93 |
87.12 |
5-p-Coumaroylquinic acid1
|
72.31 |
88.70 |
100.97 |
107.09 |
83.75 |
93.49 |
126.55 |
126.88 |
5-O-Caffeoylshikimic acid3
|
39.70 |
40.82 |
58.95 |
46.67 |
43.05 |
42.17 |
46.36 |
47.96 |
Quercetin 3-sambubioside4
|
152.61 |
179.82 |
219.04 |
230.75 |
184.14 |
205.37 |
235.55 |
262.83 |
Quercetin 3-rutinoside4
|
110.23 |
125.71 |
151.83 |
160.42 |
123.88 |
129.34 |
164.11 |
183.36 |
Quercetin 3-glucoside4
|
13.06 |
13.63 |
16.58 |
14.34 |
14.42 |
13.64 |
14.03 |
17.83 |
Kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside4
|
21.94 |
25.44 |
27.51 |
27.55 |
24.51 |
24.77 |
29.32 |
30.33 |
Total phenolic acids5
|
4165±89g
|
5033±69f
|
6020±36d
|
6363±134c
|
5146±33f
|
5419±5e
|
6751±13b
|
6929±114a
|
Total anthocyanins6
|
5456±65h
|
7091±86f
|
7957±110 d
|
8787±101c
|
6875±63g
|
7359±141e
|
9395±48b
|
10084±93a
|
Total flavonoids7
|
349±5d
|
408±27c
|
518±13b
|
505±26b
|
397±11c
|
433±7c
|
509±19b
|
581±23a
|
Total phenolic compounds8
|
9970±160g
|
12533±183f
|
14476±159d
|
15657±262c
|
12419±108f
|
13213±143e
|
16656±81b
|
17595±231a
|
Yield of anthocyanins |
28.36 |
36.86 |
41.36 |
45.68 |
35.74 |
38.25 |
48.84 |
52.42 |
Yield of total phenolic content |
29.38 |
36.93 |
42.66 |
46.13 |
36.59 |
38.93 |
49.08 |
51.84 |
Different letters in the same line indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). The peaks were quantified as equivalent of 5-caffeoylquinic acid1, cyanidin2, ferulic acid3 and quercetin4. 5Total phenolic acids include 3-caffeoylquinic acid, 3-p-Coumaroylquinic acid, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-caffeoylquinic acid, Ferulic acid derived, 5-p-Coumaroylquinic acid and 5-O-Caffeoylshikimic acid. 6Total anthocyanins include Delphinidin 3-sambubioside and Cyanidin 3-sambubioside. 7Total flavonoids include Myricetin 3-sambubioside, Quercetin 3-sambubioside, Quercetin 3-rutinoside, Quercetin 3-glucoside and Kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside. 8Total phenolic compounds include all compounds.