Fig. (3) ROS levels were determined after 24h exposure to the negative control (vehicle), NBQ-48 (100 µM), ABQ-48 (50 µM), camptothecin (CP, positive control, 50 µM), and Cisplatin (CS, positive control, 40 µM). Cells exposed to ABQ-48 and NBQ-48 showed significant (p<0.0001) increased ROS levels in comparison to negative control as determined by ANOVA. Statistical analyses performed were a one-way ANOVA, with Tukey post hoc test, where p <0.05 was considered to be significant. P summary; significantly higher in contrast to the negative control (p <0.0001).