Fig. (1) The MALP-2 derivative and LPS reduced intracellular replication of MTB in murine macrophages. Bone marrow-derived macrophages infected with MTB (MOI 1:0.1) were stimulated with either LPS or the MALP-2 derivative at the indicated concentrations. After 8 days, bacteria in the macrophage cultures were enumerated by CFU assay, as described in Materials and Methods. In panel A, the number of CFU is shown as mean ± SEM of triplicate determinations of a single representative experiment out of 4. In panel B, the percentages of MTB growth are shown as the mean ± SEM of 4 independent experiments. Responses that were significantly different from control untreated macrophages are indicated by asterisks as revealed by both ANOVA-Bonferroni’s multiple t-test and Student’s t-test (*, P<0.05; ** P<0.01).