Presence of a Human Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Clone in Captivity Kept Psittacidaes

Table 1: Virulence Properties of 17 E. coli Strains Belonging to the EcoR B2 Group Isolated from Psittacidaes

Strain ^a	bird ^b	Adhesion ^c	CRA ^d	Hemolysis	Gene (s) ^e	Antibiotic Resistance Profile ^f
1	White-eyed conure	NA	+	-	irp2	Sensitive to all
2	White-eyed conure	AA	+	+	irp2	Cip^R,Cfc^R,Enr^R,Sul^R,Tet^R
3	Blue-frontet parrot	CE	+	+	stx	Cfc^R, Enr^R,Str^R,Sul^R,Tri^R
4	Blue-frontet parrot	NA	-	+	irp2	Cfc^R,Enr^R,Sul^R
5	Blue-frontet parrot	NA	+	-	irp2	Cfc^R,Sul^R
6	Blue-frontet parrot	DA	+	-	none	Sul^R
7	Blue-frontet parrot	NA	+	-	none	Cfc^R,Enr^R,Sul^R
8	Blue-frontet parrot	LA	-	+	irp2, eae, bfpA	Cip^R, Cfc^R, Sul^R
9	Blue-frontet parrot	DA	+	+	irp2	Cfc^R,Sul^R
10	Blue-frontet parrot	DA	+	-	none	Sul^R
11	Blue-frontet parrot	DA	+	+	irp2	Cfc^R
12	Blue-frontet parrot	DA	+	-	irp2	Cfc^R,Sul^R
13	White-eyed conure	NA	+	-	irp2	Gen^R
14	White-eyed conure	NA	+	+	irp2	Sul^R
15	Blue-frontet parrot	NA	-	+	none	Cfc^R,Enr^R,Gen^R,Sul^R
16	Blue-frontet parrot	NA	-	-	none	Cfc^R,Enr^R,Gen^R,Sul^R
17	Blue-frontet parrot	NA	-	+	none	Cfc^R,Sul^R

^a Each strain was isolated from a distinct bird

^b Bird species: White-eyed-conure: Aratinga leucophthalmus; Blue-fronted-parrot: Amazonia aestiva

^c HEp-2 cell adhesion phenotypes; AA, DA, LA: aggregative, diffuse and localized adhesion, respectively; NA: non adherent; CE: cytotoxic effect

^d CRA: Congo red adsorption.

^e Virulence genes: bfpA: bundling, structural subunit of the EPEC bundle forming pilus; eae, EPEC intimin; stx, Shiga cytotoxins; irp2, yersiniabactin.

^f Antibiotics: Cip, ciprofloxacin; Cfc, chloramphenicol; Enr, enrofloxacin; Gen, gentamycin; Str, streptomycin; Sul, sulphamycin; Tet, tetracycline; Tri, trimethoprim.