Table 3: Evaluation of NPCR, UACI and Avalanche effect metrics for images of three sizes using GGH snail encryption and standard GGH algorithms.

Method ->	Improvement			Padding based GGH			Standard GGH
Size	NPCR%	UACI%	Avalanche%	NPCR%	UACI%	Avalanche%	NPCR%	UACI%	Avalanche%
50×50	98	34.88	44.3	100	35.67	54.66	2	0.79	10.96
100×100	98.99	35.29	45.4	99.99	35.66	50.9	1	0.37	5.5
200×200	99.49	35.6	44.75	99.99	35.8	48	0.5	0.2	3.25