| Brodmann’s Area Contrasts |
Absolute Volumesa
|
Absolute Volumes Controlled for Illness Durationb
|
Relative Volumesa
|
Relative Volumes Controlled for Illness Durationb
|
| Frontal lobe |
| (4-6-8-9-10-11-12-24-25-32-44-45-46-47) |
| Schizophrenia vs. healthy subjects |
g×t×BA F13, 793=2.26, p=0.006 (0.09) |
|
g×t×BA F13, 793=2.17, p=0.009 (0.10) |
|
| Good-outcome vs. poor-outcome |
|
g×t F1, 38=4.56, p=0.04 (0.04) |
|
|
|
|
g×t×BA F13, 494=3.40, p=0.00005 (0.03) |
|
g×t×BA F13, 494=2.82, p=0.0007 (0.052) |
| Temporal lobe |
| (20-21-22-27-28-34-35-36-37-38-41-42) |
| Schizophrenia vs. healthy subjects |
|
|
g×t×BA F11, 671=2.18, p=0.014 (0.088) |
|
| Good-outcome vs. poor-outcome |
| Lateral (20-21-22-41-42) vs. medial |
| (27-28-34-35-36) temporal regions |
| Schizophrenia vs. healthy subjects |
g×t×r×BA F4, 244=2.95, p=0.02 (0.06) |
|
g×t×r×BA F4, 244=3.85, p=0.005 (0.02) |
|
|
g×t×h×r×BA F4, 244=2.97, p=0.02 (0.04) |
|
|
|
| Good-outcome vs. poor-outcome |
| Parietal lobe |
| (1/2/3/5-7a-7b-23-26-29-30-31-39-40-43) |
| Schizophrenia vs. healthy subjects |
| Good-outcome vs. poor-outcome |
g×t F1, 38=4.44, p=0.04 (0.04) |
|
|
|
|
g×t×BA F10, 450=2.28, p=0.01 (0.09) |
g×t×BA F10, 380=2.67, p=0.004 (0.054) |
g×t×BA F10, 450=2.35, p=0.01 (0.08) |
g×t×BA F10, 380=2.26, p=0.01 (0.09) |
|
g×t×h×BA F10, 450=2.60, p=0.0045 (0.057) |
g×t×h×BA F10, 380=2.60, p=0.000004 (0.004) |
g×t×h×BA F10, 450=2.87, p=0.0017 (0.036) |
g×t×h×BA F10, 380=4.51, p=0.000005 (0.003) |
| Occipital lobe |
| (17-18-19) |
| Schizophrenia vs. healthy subjects |
| Good-outcome vs. poor-outcome |
|
g×t×h×BA F2, 76=4.12, p=0.02 (0.036) |
|
|
| Cingulate gyrus |
| (23-24-25-26-29-30-31-32) |
| Schizophrenia vs. healthy subjects |
| Good-outcome vs. poor-outcome |
|
g×t F1, 38=6.59, p=0.014 0.014) |
|
g×t F1, 38=4.12, p=0.0496 (0.0496) |
|
|
g×t×BA F7, 266=3.14, p=0.003 (0.028) |
|
g×t×BA F7, 266=2.34, p=0.025 (0.075) |
|
Frontal (4-6-8-9-10-11-12-44-45-46-47) vs. |
|
temporal (20-21-22-27-28-34-35-36-38-41-42) vs. |
|
parietal (1/2/3/5-7a-7b-23-26-29-30-31-39-40-43) |
| Schizophrenia vs. healthy subjects |
g×t×r×BA F20, 1220=1.85, p=0.01 (0.08) |
|
g×t×r×BA F20, 1220=1.92, p=0.009 (0.06) |
|
|
|
g×t×h×r×BA F20, 1220=2.42, p=0.0006 (0.054) |
g×t×h×r×BA F20, 1220=2.42, p=0.0005 (0.052) |
|
| Good-outcome vs. poor-outcome |
g×t F1, 45=4.06, p>0.05 (<0.05) |
g×t F1, 38=4.52, p=0.04 (0.04) |
|
g×t×r×BA F2, 76=4.31, p=0.017 (0.017) |
|
|
g×t×r×BA F20, 760=1.90, p=0.01 (0.096) |
|
|
Abbreviations: g×t – diagnostic group by scan time interaction, g×t×BA – diagnostic group by time by Brodmann’s area interaction, g×t×h×BA – diagnostic group by time by hemisphere by Brodmann’s area interaction, g×t×r×BA – diagnostic group by time by region by Brodmann’s area interaction, g×t×h×r×BA – diagnostic group by time by hemisphere by region by Brodmann’s area interaction
Uncorrected p values are followed by Huynh-Feldt corrected p in parentheses. Interactions at trend level of significance (p<0.10) are in italics. Note that parietal areas 1, 2, 3, and 5 were combined in these analyses, hence 1/2/3/5.
a ANCOVA with subjects’ age and interscan interval as covariates (full sample of participants)
b ANCOVA with subjects’ age, interscan interval and illness duration as covariates (subsample of schizophrenia patients).