| First Author, Year Location Study Design |
Sample Sizes/ Population/Setting |
Technology/Intervention | Comparators | Main Outcomes Intervention v. Comparators |
Global Quality Rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agyapong, 2012 [29] Ireland RCT (Pilot) |
n=54 (I:n=26, C: n=28) adult pts w/depression and ETOH; completers of inpatient program | Mobile phone. BID supportive text messages. | Thank-you text messages every 2 weeks. | Depression and abstinence. Improved. Functioning. Improved. Compulsion to drink. No significant difference. | Strong |
| Aubert, 2003 [35] USA Cohort |
n=5624 (I: n=505, C1: n=1375, C2: n=3744) adult insurance pharma plan members with depression with new prescription (none in last 180 days) for an antidepressant medication; general population | Telephone. Four telephone counseling calls. Five educational mailings. Toll-free number set up for participant questions. | 1) Minimal intervention: completed first call but did not consent to continuing interventions. 2) No interventions. | Medication adherence. Improved. Therapy continuation. More likely. Refill timeliness. Improved. Symptom burden. Improved. QOL-mental. Improved. QOL-physical. No significant difference. Symptom severity. Improved. | Weak |
| Burda, 2012 [37] USA, MD Cohort (Pilot) |
n=10 adult homeless dual-Dx'd pts, mostly black, mostly men; FQHC | Cell phone IVR. Daily phone calls, two attempts. | None | Medication adherence. High levels reported. Ability to reach participants. High. Subjective report of communications. Improved. | Moderate |
| Castle, 2012 [38] USA, PA Cohort |
n=39, 020 (I1: n=293, I2: n=11, 280, I3: n=27, 447) adult insurance pharma plan members newly Rx'd antidepressant medication; general population | Telephone IVR. Calls to participants with option to listen then transfer to depression mgmt program. If not reached, msg left with callback number. | 3 a posteriori intervention groups: 1) reached, transferred, 2) reached, not transferred, 3) not reached. | Medication adherence. Not significantly impacted by intervention. Age was confounder, as increase in adherence seen with increasing age. | Weak |
| Cook, 2008 [39] USA, CO CCT |
n=202 (I: n=51, C: n=151) adult Medicaid members SPMI, received 2nd gen antipsychotic in last 30 days; mostly women; general population | Telephone. Adherence counseling via CBT/MI. F/U written materials upon completion. | Not contacted after multiple attempts. | ED Utilization. Decreased. Medication adherence. Improved. | Moderate |
| Galloway, 2011 [43] USA, CA CCT |
n=20 methamphetamine-dependent adults, men and women; general population | Cell phone. For 8 weeks, subjects took pictures of daily morning medication at time of administration. Time-stamped photos e'mailed to data collection account. | Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS) caps on bottles, weekly pill counts. | Medication adherence. High levels reported. Photos of medication useful in measuring adherence. | Weak |
| Rosen, 2013 [47] USA, CA RCT |
n=837 (I: n=412, C: n=425) veterans entering residential PTSD treatment; men and women, multi-site, post-discharge | Telephone. Standard outpatient care plus bi-weekly phone monitoring and support for 3 months post-discharge. | Standard outpatient aftercare: referral to outpatient counselors, psychiatrists, or both. | PTSD symptoms, aggressive behaviors, ETOH and drug problems, depression, QOL. time to rehospitalization, engagement in care. No significant differences. | Strong |