Table 5: Summary of reviews presenting specific interventions.

Intervention type Effect
Review authors’
summary of findings
Supporting evidence
Type, number, and quality of included studies as reported by the review’ author(s) Review quality score Review reference
First Author
Year
Orientation programs Orientation programmes (included internships, residencies, and structured orientation programmes) may encourage new graduates to stay in their current position Total number 17^
^ Type of studies included not discussed
Quality
Quality assessment tool adapted from Beck (2001) a
No details available
Moderate
(6/11)
Park
2010 b
The presence of a formal new graduate transition programme (or orientation programme) resulted in good retention of NGN and improved competency. Total number 47
Quantitative 15
Experimental (quasi) 8
Observational 7
Qualitative 5
Other* 27
* descriptive studies
Quality
Quality index with 3 criteria developed by Beck (2001)a and later modified by Park and Jones (2010) b
“Evidence was variable, and overall of low quality, limiting best practices recommendations.” c
Moderate
(5/11)
Rush
2013 c
Mentorship Programmes Mentorship programmes are a beneficial process for mentors and recently registered nurses. Results have shown that mentorship programmes improve competence, job satisfaction and reduce the turnover rate among recently registered nurses. Total number 5
Quantitative 5
Experimental (quasi) 5
Quality
Newman and Roberts (2002) d
“significant reliability” e page 468
Moderate
(7/11)
Chen
2014 e
Leadership Practices Managers’ leadership practices, Transformational or relational leadership approaches resulted in greater intentions to stay in their current positions. Other factors including perceived manager power, supervisor support, empowerment, involving them in decision making, and promotion of group cohesion all showed a significant positive correlation affecting the staff nurses intent to stay. Total number 23
Quantitative 22
Experimental (quasi) -
Observational 22
Qualitative -
Mix-Methods 1
Other -
Quality
Quality assessment tool adapted from several existing frameworks (Cummings and Estabrooks 2003 f, Wong and Cummings 2007 g, Lee and Cummings 2008 h);
“..All studies were rated as moderate or strong” i page 468.
Moderate
(6/11)
Cowden 2011 i
Clinical practice sabbatical The authors identified a nursing sabbatical as a viable option, which can enhance nursing retention and revitalization to generate positive outcomes. Total number 19
Quantitative 2
Experimental (quasi) -
Observational 2
Qualitative 3
Mix-Methods -
Other 14**
**opinion/ consensus papers
Quality
Stillwell, Fineout-Overholt, Melnyk and Williamson (2010) j
Weak evidencek page 157
Moderate
(3/11)
Swenty
2011k

a [56], b [36], c [34], d [57], e [38], f [54], g [58], h [59], i [32], j [60], k [37], a [35], b [36], c [32], d [37], e [33], f [34], g [38], h [61], i [62], j [63], k [64], l [65], m [39], n [66], o [40], p [41], q [67], r [68], s [42], t [69], u [70],